I. Vocabulary
1. agnoy--> agonize (v)
*an agonizing choice 痛苦的選擇
* in agony 痛苦
*in an agony of... .....的痛苦
2. Sth. claw (s/ed) one's mind ......充滿了某人心中
3. Sb + be overwhelmed by Sth. 令......不勝唏噓
4. ordinary vs. extraordinary
5. as sb a favor = do a favor for sb.
* in facor of sth. = support sth.
6. blood type; blood transfusion; blood pressure
7. bury one's face in one's hands; bury one's face in a pillow
8. at the thought of
* come up with
* on second thought
9. be in charge of sth. *take charge of sth. *take over
10. in a daze
*doze off
*absent-minded (adj)
II. Grammar Focus
A.
1. How S1 wish S2 + V(ed)/were ....
此句型為一種假設法句型，意思為「多麼／真希望……」。
若希望現在或未來是如何如何(此願望通常不容易或不可能實現)，則為「與現在事實相反」假設語句。
wish 後子句的動詞若為 be-V 要用 were 來表達，若為一般動詞，則要用過去式來表達。
例：How I wish he were here now.
How I wish I could go to the party.
2. How + S1 + wish + S2 + had + p.p. ....
若希望過去是如何如何，則為表「與過去事實相反」。
wish 後子句的動詞要用過去完成式（即had + p.p.）來表達。
例：How I wish I had been at Robert's birthday party yesterday.
【說明】
wish的用法：
1. wish常與假設語氣連用 (a) 表示現在或未來不可能實現的願望，動詞用簡單過去式 (b) 表示與過去事實相反的願望，動詞用 過去完成式
2. 表示祝福。
3. 表示未來可能實現的願望，則改用hope。
例：I wish I were a millionaire so that I could live in ease and comfort.
Mary wishes she had a house of her own because she is tired of living with her parents.
My date with Jenny was such a disaster that I wish I hadn't asked her out in the first place.
比較：
I wish you a merry Christmas and a happy New Year!
I hope you can come and visit me sometime in the future.
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補充：
1.和現在事實相反的假設句型：
If+S+過去式V(be動詞一律改為were), S+過去式助動詞(would,could,might)+V
例句：If I were you,I would take his advice.
2.和過去事實相反的假設句型：
If S + had + Vpp, S + would have/could have/might + have+ Vpp
例句：If it had been for the rain,we could have gone on a picnic.
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B.
S + V~, too.--> So + 助動詞/be + S.
S + 助動詞/be + not ~, either. --> Neither + 助動詞/be + S
either 用在否定句，表「也不」，放在句尾，為副詞。
肯定句則用 too 表「也」，亦是放在句尾。
neither 本身就是否定字，亦是表「也不」，因此它出現的句子為否定句，用此字時，句子要倒裝。
so 用在肯定句，表達「也」的意思，句子要倒裝。
例：I'm not a student, and Thomas isn't, either.
= I'm not a student, and neither is Thomas.
I enjoy playing basketball, and Jason does, too.
= I enjoy playing basketball, and so does Jason.
2009年12月27日 星期日
2009年12月24日 星期四
2009年12月23日 星期三
B1-3/B3-8/B3-10 分詞構句
I. 句型： S + V ..., V-ing ....
1. 分詞構句可置於主要子句前、中、後，但皆須以逗號隔開。它是以一個現在分詞或過去分詞取代「連接詞+主詞+動詞」的用法，是由以連接詞為首的子句簡化而來。
例：Seeing her mother, the little girl stopped crying.
Ted, feeling uneasy, quickly said goodbye and left.
He burst out laughing in class, still holding the comic book in his hands.
2. 子句改為分詞構句的方法：
J. K. Rowling was a single mother, and she lived in a small apartment with her baby daughter.
→ J. K. Rowling was a single mother, living in a small apartment with her baby daughter.
(1) 先將引導對等或附屬子句的連接詞去掉。
(2) 該子句與主要子句的主詞相同時，把子句中的主詞去掉；若不同則保留。
例：The sun having set, we decided to go home.
(3) 任何動詞均改為現在分詞，be動詞可予省略。
例：The students were excited, and they were waiting for their new teacher to come.
→ The students were excited, waiting for their new teacher to come.
(4) 分詞為being或having been時可省略。
例：(Being) discouraged and disappointed, they went home without a word.
(5) 遇到否定詞如not或never則放在分詞之前。
例：Not knowing what to do, the girl sat down and cried.
3. 分詞構句可由上下文判斷出不同的意義：
(1) 表時間
Hearing the news, we all shouted for joy.
= When we heard the news, we all shouted for joy.
(2) 表原因理由
Being sick, I decided not to go to school yesterday.
= Because I was sick, I decided not to go to school yesterday.
(3) 表條件
Exercising every morning, you will improve your health.
= If you exercise every morning, you will improve your health.
(4) 表讓步 (結果與一般推論不符)
Having been insulted, he still kept silent.
= Although he had been insulted, he still kept silent.
(5) 表連續或附帶的狀態
She wrote him a letter, thanking him for his help.
= She wrote him a letter and thanked him for his help.
1. 分詞構句可置於主要子句前、中、後，但皆須以逗號隔開。它是以一個現在分詞或過去分詞取代「連接詞+主詞+動詞」的用法，是由以連接詞為首的子句簡化而來。
例：Seeing her mother, the little girl stopped crying.
Ted, feeling uneasy, quickly said goodbye and left.
He burst out laughing in class, still holding the comic book in his hands.
2. 子句改為分詞構句的方法：
J. K. Rowling was a single mother, and she lived in a small apartment with her baby daughter.
→ J. K. Rowling was a single mother, living in a small apartment with her baby daughter.
(1) 先將引導對等或附屬子句的連接詞去掉。
(2) 該子句與主要子句的主詞相同時，把子句中的主詞去掉；若不同則保留。
例：The sun having set, we decided to go home.
(3) 任何動詞均改為現在分詞，be動詞可予省略。
例：The students were excited, and they were waiting for their new teacher to come.
→ The students were excited, waiting for their new teacher to come.
(4) 分詞為being或having been時可省略。
例：(Being) discouraged and disappointed, they went home without a word.
(5) 遇到否定詞如not或never則放在分詞之前。
例：Not knowing what to do, the girl sat down and cried.
3. 分詞構句可由上下文判斷出不同的意義：
(1) 表時間
Hearing the news, we all shouted for joy.
= When we heard the news, we all shouted for joy.
(2) 表原因理由
Being sick, I decided not to go to school yesterday.
= Because I was sick, I decided not to go to school yesterday.
(3) 表條件
Exercising every morning, you will improve your health.
= If you exercise every morning, you will improve your health.
(4) 表讓步 (結果與一般推論不符)
Having been insulted, he still kept silent.
= Although he had been insulted, he still kept silent.
(5) 表連續或附帶的狀態
She wrote him a letter, thanking him for his help.
= She wrote him a letter and thanked him for his help.
比較 likely/ possible/ probable用法
三個字都是表達一種「可能性」的概念
likely (adj, adv): describes something that will probably happen or is expected
possible (adj): able to be done or achieved, or able to exist
probable (adj): likely to be true or likely to happen
說明：
(1) likely是代表一種期望的「預測性的可能」。後面可加不定詞片語(to V片)或that子句(that S' +V')，也可以用 very 修飾。
a. 人/事物 be (very) likely to V~
b. It is likely that S (will) V~
(2) possible推測一做件事情或一個情況，不用來修飾人，故寫成：
It is possible for 人to V~
It is possible that S' + V'~
(3) probable和 likely比起來可能性較大，但是在用法上和 likely 的最大不同是後面只能加that子句，不可以加不定詞片語。多半用於肯定句。
It is probable that S (will) V~
練習：
1. Remember to remind me because I'm likely to forget.
2. I suppose that might happen but it's not very likely.
3. It's quite likely that we'll be in Spain this time next year.
4. "Do you want to join me on a ten-mile run?" "Not likely (= certainly not)!" (informal usage)
5. The probable cause of death was heart failure.
6. An election in June seems increasingly probable.
7. It is probable that share prices will fall still further.
8. Is it possible to buy tickets in advance?
9. We need to send that letter off as soon as possible.
10. I'll do everything possible to help you.
likely (adj, adv): describes something that will probably happen or is expected
possible (adj): able to be done or achieved, or able to exist
probable (adj): likely to be true or likely to happen
說明：
(1) likely是代表一種期望的「預測性的可能」。後面可加不定詞片語(to V片)或that子句(that S' +V')，也可以用 very 修飾。
a. 人/事物 be (very) likely to V~
b. It is likely that S (will) V~
(2) possible推測一做件事情或一個情況，不用來修飾人，故寫成：
It is possible for 人to V~
It is possible that S' + V'~
(3) probable和 likely比起來可能性較大，但是在用法上和 likely 的最大不同是後面只能加that子句，不可以加不定詞片語。多半用於肯定句。
It is probable that S (will) V~
練習：
1. Remember to remind me because I'm likely to forget.
2. I suppose that might happen but it's not very likely.
3. It's quite likely that we'll be in Spain this time next year.
4. "Do you want to join me on a ten-mile run?" "Not likely (= certainly not)!" (informal usage)
5. The probable cause of death was heart failure.
6. An election in June seems increasingly probable.
7. It is probable that share prices will fall still further.
8. Is it possible to buy tickets in advance?
9. We need to send that letter off as soon as possible.
10. I'll do everything possible to help you.
2009年12月18日 星期五
Les Miserables by Victor Hugo
Victor Hugo's Works:
Victor Hugo (1802-1885) (雨果) is a novelist, poet, and dramatist. He is one of the most important of French Romantic writers. Among his best-known works are The Hunchback of Notre Dame (1831) (鐘樓怪人) and Les Misérables (1862) (悲慘世界).
You may read the novels here: http://www.online-literature.com/victor_hugo/
Enjoy it!
Assignment:
Write a book review.
reference: http://teacher.scholastic.com/writewit/bookrev/
2009年12月17日 星期四
2009年12月16日 星期三
高職組線上徵文評比賽
2009-12-0198年12月份高職組線上徵文評比開始徵稿高中職寫作學習網站「線上徵文評比」高職組徵文啟事
一、宗旨
為培養學生自發學習寫作的興趣，特舉辦線上徵文評比活動，以互相觀摩，提升學生的寫作能力。
二、徵文對象
(一)對象：全國高職學生。
(二)建議：為求各校學生機會公平，每月徵稿同一班級至多接受兩人稿件。
三、徵文辦法
(一)辦理時間：98年3月、4月、5月、9月、10月、11月、12月共七次。
(二)由具有豐富教學經驗的老師組成命題及閱卷小組，以一個月為一期，擬定徵文題目，徵求學生習作。
(三)依投稿的先後次序，錄取前50篇作品，進行批改評分，並依作品內容，擇優選出前五名給予獎勵。
Detail: http://chincenter.fg.tp.edu.tw/~writing/news.php?id=1224830768&PHPSESSID=644e389e3129f45e1158d4093093222d
一、宗旨
為培養學生自發學習寫作的興趣，特舉辦線上徵文評比活動，以互相觀摩，提升學生的寫作能力。
二、徵文對象
(一)對象：全國高職學生。
(二)建議：為求各校學生機會公平，每月徵稿同一班級至多接受兩人稿件。
三、徵文辦法
(一)辦理時間：98年3月、4月、5月、9月、10月、11月、12月共七次。
(二)由具有豐富教學經驗的老師組成命題及閱卷小組，以一個月為一期，擬定徵文題目，徵求學生習作。
(三)依投稿的先後次序，錄取前50篇作品，進行批改評分，並依作品內容，擇優選出前五名給予獎勵。
Detail: http://chincenter.fg.tp.edu.tw/~writing/news.php?id=1224830768&PHPSESSID=644e389e3129f45e1158d4093093222d
2009年12月15日 星期二
L10 Has the Cat Got Your Tongue?
先備知識
據說在古代有犯人因某種原因被處以割舌刑，割下來的舌頭常會被拿去餵國王的寵物—貓。這就是Cat got your tongue. 的由來。
在現在通常用來說一個人因為不高興、腦筋一片空白說不出話來或是講話結結巴巴的樣子。此時被說：Has the cat got your tongue?/Cat got your tongue?
課文重點分析
1. It’s a classic image---a child hiding her head in her mother’s skirts when she meets a stranger, or a student blushing and stammering when the teacher asks his name.（見第1行）
用分詞來代替形容詞子句中的關係代名詞＋動詞時，主動用現在分詞，被動用過去分詞。
The children studying (= who study) at this school are all from wealthy families.
All the proposals submitted (= that/which were submitted) will be considered.
2. The person must be shy.（見第3行） must是助動詞，must +動詞原形：對「現在」肯定的推測。 例：Barbara hasn’t eaten in twelve hours---she must be starving.
3. Shyness probably affects 40 to 50 percent of all people in North America.（見第5行）
不可數／單數名詞＋單數動詞 數字＋percent of＋表單數的集合名詞＋單數動詞 複數名詞＋複數動詞
Thirty percent of my income comes from stocks and shares.
In Taiwan, 48 percent of the labor force is female.
Research shows that 60 percent of online game players are male.
4. One well-known talk-show host, whose show is watched by millions of viewers, has to plan performances down to the last detail---in order to appear spontaneous.（見第19行）
(1) well-known: famous; renowned; noted; celebrated 著名的 「副詞＋過去分詞」是複合形容詞的組合方式之一，而「well-過去分詞」更是其中很常見的一種，例如： well-behaved 行為端正的， 穛{優良的 well-built 體格健美的 well-dressed 穿著時髦的 well-educated 受過良好教育的 well-preserved 保存良好的
5. If you smile and show you’re interested, people will respond and conversation will be easier.（見第54行）
條件句講述有可能發生的未來，if子句用現在式，主要子句用未來式。
例：If you don’t hurry, you will miss the train.
John will go to the concert if he can get a ticket.
Will you go to the party if they invite you?
Vocabulary
1. blush with 因……而臉紅；blush at sth. 對……臉紅
例：Did I say something that embarrassed you? You’ve blushing.
Whenever he sees his dream girl, Gordon blushes with shyness.
The little girl blushed in shame at the lie she told.
3. in private 私底下 private school 私立學校 private enterprise/company 私人企業 private detective/investigator 私家偵探 private property 私人產業 private life 私生活
4. self-confident adj. 自信的 confidential adj. 機密的 be confident of 對……有信心的 have confidence in 對……有信心
例：If you lack confidence in yourself, you are not likely to succeed.
I don’t like his arrogantly self-confident manner.
To access any confidential files, you need a password.
We are confident of the expert’s ability to solve the crime.
6. be visible to the naked eye 肉眼可見的 tunnel vision 狹隘的思想，目光如豆
7. 【補充】 通常某種學問字尾改為ist就會變成「……學家」，例如： biology（生物學）→ biologist（生物學家） chemistry（化學）→ chemist（化學家） archaeology（考古學）→ archaeologist（考古學家） entomology（昆蟲學）→ entomologist（昆蟲學家） physics（物理學）→ physicist（物理學家） 不過，例外的有： philosophy（哲學）→ philosopher（哲學家） history（歷史）→ historian（歷史學家）
12. play host to 主辦…… host nation 主辦國 host family（提供外國留學生食宿的）寄宿家庭
16. 【補充】 下面這些形容詞都可以拿來形容一個人的個性： introverted 內向的 lively 活潑的 stubborn 頑固的 cunning 狡猾的 optimistic 樂觀的 pessimistic 悲觀的 easygoing 隨遇而安的 humorous 幽默的 gentle 溫文儒雅的 impulsive 衝動的 nosy 愛管閒事的 conservative 保守的 snobbish 傲慢的 sensitive 敏感的 childish 幼稚的 greedy 貪心的
18. figure n. [C] 人物；人影；（圖畫或故事中的）角色；（尤指女性的）身材；數字 figure v. [T] 估量；猜想；計算 political/leading/central/public figure 政治人物／領導人物／核心人物／公眾人物 figure on (doing) sth. 打算…… figure out 想出，理解；算出
22. encounter v. [T] 遭遇（多半指壞事）（【同】meet with, run into）；偶遇，邂逅（尤指陌生的人、事、物）（【同】come across）
23. inheritance n. [U, C] 繼承；遺傳；遺產 inheritor n. [C] 繼承人（【同】heir）
27. financial/economic/political/family crisis 金融危機／經濟危機／政治危機／家庭危機 crisis management 危機處理 midlife crisis (mid-life crisis) 中年危機
28. be confronted with/by sth. 面臨……，遇上……
例：People usually feel anxious when they are confronted with news of an accident.
課外閱讀
Building Your Confidence!
If you are shy, it can be hard to act more confidently, but you might find that, if you give these ideas a go, being around other people can be more fun. Make friends. If you have problems making friends, look at our topics on “Making friends” for some good ideas. Remember, other people like having friends, and if they are a bit shy too, they might be really happy that you want to be friends with them. Practice skills like ball skills, skipping, running, bike riding, or playing computer games, so that you can get some confidence. This will help you to join in conversations, It will also give you something to talk about. Build up your self-esteem. Our topics on “Self-esteem” and “Resilience” have ideas to help you. Practice in front of the mirror and in front of your family if you have to give a talk at school. Make a plan of what you want to say, then write key words onto cards so that you can remember what to say. Smile at people and encourage them and they will encourage you in return. Give compliments, such as “You gave a good talk, ”or “I think you are a good runner,” and people will want to encourage you, too. Look for other shy kids and tell them that you are feeling a bit shy. Tell your teacher if you are really scared to talk, and she will help you to try and to develop your confidence. Realize that everyone feels shy sometimes, but watching others do things is not half as much fun as having a go yourself. Once you start to get over your shyness, you will quickly become much more confident.
（以上選文選自Kids?Health網站http://www.cyh.com/ HealthTopics/HealthTopicDetailsKids.aspx?p=335&np=287&id=2285）
Questions:
1. What is the article about?
2. What does the author suggest?
據說在古代有犯人因某種原因被處以割舌刑，割下來的舌頭常會被拿去餵國王的寵物—貓。這就是Cat got your tongue. 的由來。
在現在通常用來說一個人因為不高興、腦筋一片空白說不出話來或是講話結結巴巴的樣子。此時被說：Has the cat got your tongue?/Cat got your tongue?
課文重點分析
1. It’s a classic image---a child hiding her head in her mother’s skirts when she meets a stranger, or a student blushing and stammering when the teacher asks his name.（見第1行）
用分詞來代替形容詞子句中的關係代名詞＋動詞時，主動用現在分詞，被動用過去分詞。
The children studying (= who study) at this school are all from wealthy families.
All the proposals submitted (= that/which were submitted) will be considered.
2. The person must be shy.（見第3行） must是助動詞，must +動詞原形：對「現在」肯定的推測。 例：Barbara hasn’t eaten in twelve hours---she must be starving.
3. Shyness probably affects 40 to 50 percent of all people in North America.（見第5行）
不可數／單數名詞＋單數動詞 數字＋percent of＋表單數的集合名詞＋單數動詞 複數名詞＋複數動詞
Thirty percent of my income comes from stocks and shares.
In Taiwan, 48 percent of the labor force is female.
Research shows that 60 percent of online game players are male.
4. One well-known talk-show host, whose show is watched by millions of viewers, has to plan performances down to the last detail---in order to appear spontaneous.（見第19行）
(1) well-known: famous; renowned; noted; celebrated 著名的 「副詞＋過去分詞」是複合形容詞的組合方式之一，而「well-過去分詞」更是其中很常見的一種，例如： well-behaved 行為端正的， 穛{優良的 well-built 體格健美的 well-dressed 穿著時髦的 well-educated 受過良好教育的 well-preserved 保存良好的
5. If you smile and show you’re interested, people will respond and conversation will be easier.（見第54行）
條件句講述有可能發生的未來，if子句用現在式，主要子句用未來式。
例：If you don’t hurry, you will miss the train.
John will go to the concert if he can get a ticket.
Will you go to the party if they invite you?
Vocabulary
1. blush with 因……而臉紅；blush at sth. 對……臉紅
例：Did I say something that embarrassed you? You’ve blushing.
Whenever he sees his dream girl, Gordon blushes with shyness.
The little girl blushed in shame at the lie she told.
3. in private 私底下 private school 私立學校 private enterprise/company 私人企業 private detective/investigator 私家偵探 private property 私人產業 private life 私生活
4. self-confident adj. 自信的 confidential adj. 機密的 be confident of 對……有信心的 have confidence in 對……有信心
例：If you lack confidence in yourself, you are not likely to succeed.
I don’t like his arrogantly self-confident manner.
To access any confidential files, you need a password.
We are confident of the expert’s ability to solve the crime.
6. be visible to the naked eye 肉眼可見的 tunnel vision 狹隘的思想，目光如豆
7. 【補充】 通常某種學問字尾改為ist就會變成「……學家」，例如： biology（生物學）→ biologist（生物學家） chemistry（化學）→ chemist（化學家） archaeology（考古學）→ archaeologist（考古學家） entomology（昆蟲學）→ entomologist（昆蟲學家） physics（物理學）→ physicist（物理學家） 不過，例外的有： philosophy（哲學）→ philosopher（哲學家） history（歷史）→ historian（歷史學家）
12. play host to 主辦…… host nation 主辦國 host family（提供外國留學生食宿的）寄宿家庭
16. 【補充】 下面這些形容詞都可以拿來形容一個人的個性： introverted 內向的 lively 活潑的 stubborn 頑固的 cunning 狡猾的 optimistic 樂觀的 pessimistic 悲觀的 easygoing 隨遇而安的 humorous 幽默的 gentle 溫文儒雅的 impulsive 衝動的 nosy 愛管閒事的 conservative 保守的 snobbish 傲慢的 sensitive 敏感的 childish 幼稚的 greedy 貪心的
18. figure n. [C] 人物；人影；（圖畫或故事中的）角色；（尤指女性的）身材；數字 figure v. [T] 估量；猜想；計算 political/leading/central/public figure 政治人物／領導人物／核心人物／公眾人物 figure on (doing) sth. 打算…… figure out 想出，理解；算出
22. encounter v. [T] 遭遇（多半指壞事）（【同】meet with, run into）；偶遇，邂逅（尤指陌生的人、事、物）（【同】come across）
23. inheritance n. [U, C] 繼承；遺傳；遺產 inheritor n. [C] 繼承人（【同】heir）
27. financial/economic/political/family crisis 金融危機／經濟危機／政治危機／家庭危機 crisis management 危機處理 midlife crisis (mid-life crisis) 中年危機
28. be confronted with/by sth. 面臨……，遇上……
例：People usually feel anxious when they are confronted with news of an accident.
課外閱讀
Building Your Confidence!
If you are shy, it can be hard to act more confidently, but you might find that, if you give these ideas a go, being around other people can be more fun. Make friends. If you have problems making friends, look at our topics on “Making friends” for some good ideas. Remember, other people like having friends, and if they are a bit shy too, they might be really happy that you want to be friends with them. Practice skills like ball skills, skipping, running, bike riding, or playing computer games, so that you can get some confidence. This will help you to join in conversations, It will also give you something to talk about. Build up your self-esteem. Our topics on “Self-esteem” and “Resilience” have ideas to help you. Practice in front of the mirror and in front of your family if you have to give a talk at school. Make a plan of what you want to say, then write key words onto cards so that you can remember what to say. Smile at people and encourage them and they will encourage you in return. Give compliments, such as “You gave a good talk, ”or “I think you are a good runner,” and people will want to encourage you, too. Look for other shy kids and tell them that you are feeling a bit shy. Tell your teacher if you are really scared to talk, and she will help you to try and to develop your confidence. Realize that everyone feels shy sometimes, but watching others do things is not half as much fun as having a go yourself. Once you start to get over your shyness, you will quickly become much more confident.
（以上選文選自Kids?Health網站http://www.cyh.com/ HealthTopics/HealthTopicDetailsKids.aspx?p=335&np=287&id=2285）
Questions:
1. What is the article about?
2. What does the author suggest?
2009年12月12日 星期六
Answers to Your Grammar Questions
(B)1. Hotels are often full at this time of year. We advise _____ rooms in advance.
A. to book B. booking C. to be booking 可以選(A)嗎?
Yes. Besides, the choice A is the best answer. I do not suggest that you should choose B.
Frequency: advise to V (952,000 ) vs. advise Ving (16,600)
e.g.
I will advise you of my movements.
We would advise you to travel for the sake of your health.
(C)2. I can smell something _____ in here. Can you smell it too?
A. to be burning B. be burning C. burning 可以選(B)嗎?
No. It is similar to the usage: That she passed the exam, which made her parents proud of her. (You cannot put “be” in front of proud.)
(B)3. The evening news ______ the weather, saying that temperatures would be over 35 degrees all week.
A. warned people of B. warned people about C. warned people from 可以選(A)嗎?
No. You can say “The evening news warned people of the serious storm,” because you use “of” to refer something dangerous. The weather itself cannot be dangerous.
(A)4. The facilities are so good that guests _____ leave the hotel for anything, except sightseeing.
A. needn’t B. mustn’t C. can’t 可以選(C)嗎?
No. They have the ability to leave, but they don’t and needn’t leave because of the good facilities in the hotel. Here the word “need” is used as “auxiliary (助動詞)”
(A)5. Scientists ______ the loss of communication with the satellite to be the result of computing problems.
A. believe B. explain C. complain 可以選(B)嗎?
No, but you can say “Scientists explain the loss of communication with the satellite is the result of computing problems.”
e..g. I believe him to come. (=I believe that he will come.
(B)6. It is now easy to order goods on the Internet, but the means of delivering these goods _____ to be improved.
A. have B. has C. are 可以選(A)嗎?
No. Although means can be singular or plural, but here it focuses on the way of delivering.
e.g. It is all a means to an end.
(C)7. I think ______ is the best way of waking up in the morning.
A. the cold shower B. cold shower C. cold shower cold shower 可以加the嗎?
No. It is every cold shower, not just this one or that one.
(A)8. Although hunters and birdwatchers have different motives, both groups seek the same end result _____ that is fit for wildlife.
A. a countryside B. the countryside C. countryside 可以選(B)嗎?
I don't think A is a correct answer. I am wondering whether there is something wrong with the question. You may make sure whether the question say “…seek the same end result as countryside or a countryside.”
Countryside 鄉下. [U]
A)9. He was released after four years in prison _____ he did not leave the country.
A. on condition that B. as well as C. as soon as 請問這題語意是什麼? 我可以選(C)嗎?
No. 在監獄呆了4年後，只要他沒離開國家他就可以被釋放。
on condition that 只要;以...為條件
You can use the bicycle on condition that you return it tomorrow.
(C)10. ______ to change any money as US dollars are accepted in most hotels and shops.
A. There is of no need B. It is no need C. There is no need 請問(B)和(C)的差別是什麼?
A and B. wrong usages.
(C)11. Our team already has a lot more points than the other teams, so we _____ win this match to stay at the top of the league.
A. mustn't B. must C. don't need to 請問這題的語意是什麼? 我可以選(B)嗎?
No. 與其它隊相比較，我們隊已經有更多的分數， 因此我們不需要贏得這場比賽就可以待在聯賽的第一名。
(A)12. Everyone in the class, Patrick _____, did poorly in the test.
A. excepted B. except for C. except 請老師再說一次 (A)(B)(C)的差別
except (v, prep) 除去；不計；這裡當動詞的pp
In fact, you can use “excluded” instead.
You will all be punished; I can except no one.
他們全都會受罰，我不會饒過任何一個。
A. to book B. booking C. to be booking 可以選(A)嗎?
Yes. Besides, the choice A is the best answer. I do not suggest that you should choose B.
Frequency: advise to V (952,000 ) vs. advise Ving (16,600)
e.g.
I will advise you of my movements.
We would advise you to travel for the sake of your health.
(C)2. I can smell something _____ in here. Can you smell it too?
A. to be burning B. be burning C. burning 可以選(B)嗎?
No. It is similar to the usage: That she passed the exam, which made her parents proud of her. (You cannot put “be” in front of proud.)
(B)3. The evening news ______ the weather, saying that temperatures would be over 35 degrees all week.
A. warned people of B. warned people about C. warned people from 可以選(A)嗎?
No. You can say “The evening news warned people of the serious storm,” because you use “of” to refer something dangerous. The weather itself cannot be dangerous.
(A)4. The facilities are so good that guests _____ leave the hotel for anything, except sightseeing.
A. needn’t B. mustn’t C. can’t 可以選(C)嗎?
No. They have the ability to leave, but they don’t and needn’t leave because of the good facilities in the hotel. Here the word “need” is used as “auxiliary (助動詞)”
(A)5. Scientists ______ the loss of communication with the satellite to be the result of computing problems.
A. believe B. explain C. complain 可以選(B)嗎?
No, but you can say “Scientists explain the loss of communication with the satellite is the result of computing problems.”
e..g. I believe him to come. (=I believe that he will come.
(B)6. It is now easy to order goods on the Internet, but the means of delivering these goods _____ to be improved.
A. have B. has C. are 可以選(A)嗎?
No. Although means can be singular or plural, but here it focuses on the way of delivering.
e.g. It is all a means to an end.
(C)7. I think ______ is the best way of waking up in the morning.
A. the cold shower B. cold shower C. cold shower cold shower 可以加the嗎?
No. It is every cold shower, not just this one or that one.
(A)8. Although hunters and birdwatchers have different motives, both groups seek the same end result _____ that is fit for wildlife.
A. a countryside B. the countryside C. countryside 可以選(B)嗎?
I don't think A is a correct answer. I am wondering whether there is something wrong with the question. You may make sure whether the question say “…seek the same end result as countryside or a countryside.”
Countryside 鄉下. [U]
A)9. He was released after four years in prison _____ he did not leave the country.
A. on condition that B. as well as C. as soon as 請問這題語意是什麼? 我可以選(C)嗎?
No. 在監獄呆了4年後，只要他沒離開國家他就可以被釋放。
on condition that 只要;以...為條件
You can use the bicycle on condition that you return it tomorrow.
(C)10. ______ to change any money as US dollars are accepted in most hotels and shops.
A. There is of no need B. It is no need C. There is no need 請問(B)和(C)的差別是什麼?
A and B. wrong usages.
(C)11. Our team already has a lot more points than the other teams, so we _____ win this match to stay at the top of the league.
A. mustn't B. must C. don't need to 請問這題的語意是什麼? 我可以選(B)嗎?
No. 與其它隊相比較，我們隊已經有更多的分數， 因此我們不需要贏得這場比賽就可以待在聯賽的第一名。
(A)12. Everyone in the class, Patrick _____, did poorly in the test.
A. excepted B. except for C. except 請老師再說一次 (A)(B)(C)的差別
except (v, prep) 除去；不計；這裡當動詞的pp
In fact, you can use “excluded” instead.
You will all be punished; I can except no one.
他們全都會受罰，我不會饒過任何一個。
Questions of Grammar
(B)1. Hotels are often full at this time of year. We advise _____ rooms in advance.
A. to book B. booking C. to be booking 可以選(A)嗎?
(C)2. I can smell something _____ in here. Can you smell it too?
A. to be burning B. be burning C. burning 可以選(B)嗎?
(B)3. The evening news ______ the weather, saying that temperatures would be over 35 degrees all week.
A. warned people of B. warned people about C. warned people from 可以選(A)嗎?
(A)4. The facilities are so good that guests _____ leave the hotel for anything, except sightseeing.
A. needn’t B. mustn’t C. can’t 可以選(C)嗎?
(A)5. Scientists ______ the loss of communication with the satellite to be the result of computing problems.
A. believe B. explain C. complain 可以選(B)嗎?
(B)6. It is now easy to order goods on the Internet, but the means of delivering these goods _____ to be improved.
A. have B. has C. are 可以選(A)嗎?
(C)7. I think ______ is the best way of waking up in the morning.
A. the cold shower B. cold shower C. cold shower cold shower 可以加the嗎?
(A)8. Although hunters and birdwatchers have different motives, both groups seek the same end result _____ that is fit for wildlife.
A. a countryside B. the countryside C. countryside 可以選(B)嗎?
(A)9. He was released after four years in prison _____ he did not leave the country.
A. on condition that B. as well as C. as soon as 請問這題語意是什麼? 我可以選(C)嗎?
(C)10. ______ to change any money as US dollars are accepted in most hotels and shops.
A. There is of no need B. It is no need C. There is no need 請問(B)和(C)的差別是什麼?
(C)11. Our team already has a lot more points than the other teams, so we _____ win this match to stay at the top of the league.
A. mustn’t B. must C. don’t need to 請問這題的語意是什麼? 我可以選(B)嗎?
(A)12. Everyone in the class, Patrick _____, did poorly in the test.
A. excepted B. except for C. except 請老師再說一次 (A)(B)(C)的差別
Thank you, Chris.
A. to book B. booking C. to be booking 可以選(A)嗎?
(C)2. I can smell something _____ in here. Can you smell it too?
A. to be burning B. be burning C. burning 可以選(B)嗎?
(B)3. The evening news ______ the weather, saying that temperatures would be over 35 degrees all week.
A. warned people of B. warned people about C. warned people from 可以選(A)嗎?
(A)4. The facilities are so good that guests _____ leave the hotel for anything, except sightseeing.
A. needn’t B. mustn’t C. can’t 可以選(C)嗎?
(A)5. Scientists ______ the loss of communication with the satellite to be the result of computing problems.
A. believe B. explain C. complain 可以選(B)嗎?
(B)6. It is now easy to order goods on the Internet, but the means of delivering these goods _____ to be improved.
A. have B. has C. are 可以選(A)嗎?
(C)7. I think ______ is the best way of waking up in the morning.
A. the cold shower B. cold shower C. cold shower cold shower 可以加the嗎?
(A)8. Although hunters and birdwatchers have different motives, both groups seek the same end result _____ that is fit for wildlife.
A. a countryside B. the countryside C. countryside 可以選(B)嗎?
(A)9. He was released after four years in prison _____ he did not leave the country.
A. on condition that B. as well as C. as soon as 請問這題語意是什麼? 我可以選(C)嗎?
(C)10. ______ to change any money as US dollars are accepted in most hotels and shops.
A. There is of no need B. It is no need C. There is no need 請問(B)和(C)的差別是什麼?
(C)11. Our team already has a lot more points than the other teams, so we _____ win this match to stay at the top of the league.
A. mustn’t B. must C. don’t need to 請問這題的語意是什麼? 我可以選(B)嗎?
(A)12. Everyone in the class, Patrick _____, did poorly in the test.
A. excepted B. except for C. except 請老師再說一次 (A)(B)(C)的差別
Thank you, Chris.
2009年12月8日 星期二
whatever的用法
Whatever有兩個用法，一是名詞子句，二是用於讓步子句(即副詞子句)。
1. 用於名詞子句
Whatever she did was right. 她做的一切都是對的。
Whatever she said was not true. 不管她說什麼都不是真的。
I will do whatever you wish. 我可做任何你想要的事。
Give them whatever they desire. 他們想要什麼就給他們什麼。
Whatever I have is at your service. 我所有的一切都由你使用。
You may do whatever you want to do. 無論你想做什麼事，你都可以做。
I'll say whatever comes into my mind. 我一想到什麼就說什麼。
I will tell you whatever news I got. 我會告訴你任何我得知的消息。
I will follow whatever my homeroom teacher wishes. 我會尊崇將我導師所希望的。
2. 用於引導讓步狀語從句
Whatever we said, he'd disagree. 無論我們說什麼，他都不同意。
Whatever happened, you must be calm. 不管發生什麼情況你都要冷靜。
We'll go along together whatever happens. 不管發生什麼情況我們都要起干。
Don't lose your confidence whatever difficulties you meet. 不管遇到什麼困難都不要失去信心。
Whatever you do, I won't tell you my secret. 不管你做什麼，我都不會把我的祕密告訴你。
Whatever happens to them, it is nothing to do with me. 不管他們發生什麼事情，都和我無關。
【其他補充】
Whatever子句有時可以省略動詞。如︰
Whatever your argument, I shall hold to my decision. 不管你怎樣爭辯，我還是堅持自己的決定。
PS.
fish只有當種類才可加es 即 fishes (但是我們可以選擇更美的文字用法"species of fish")
1. 用於名詞子句
Whatever she did was right. 她做的一切都是對的。
Whatever she said was not true. 不管她說什麼都不是真的。
I will do whatever you wish. 我可做任何你想要的事。
Give them whatever they desire. 他們想要什麼就給他們什麼。
Whatever I have is at your service. 我所有的一切都由你使用。
You may do whatever you want to do. 無論你想做什麼事，你都可以做。
I'll say whatever comes into my mind. 我一想到什麼就說什麼。
I will tell you whatever news I got. 我會告訴你任何我得知的消息。
I will follow whatever my homeroom teacher wishes. 我會尊崇將我導師所希望的。
2. 用於引導讓步狀語從句
Whatever we said, he'd disagree. 無論我們說什麼，他都不同意。
Whatever happened, you must be calm. 不管發生什麼情況你都要冷靜。
We'll go along together whatever happens. 不管發生什麼情況我們都要起干。
Don't lose your confidence whatever difficulties you meet. 不管遇到什麼困難都不要失去信心。
Whatever you do, I won't tell you my secret. 不管你做什麼，我都不會把我的祕密告訴你。
Whatever happens to them, it is nothing to do with me. 不管他們發生什麼事情，都和我無關。
【其他補充】
Whatever子句有時可以省略動詞。如︰
Whatever your argument, I shall hold to my decision. 不管你怎樣爭辯，我還是堅持自己的決定。
PS.
fish只有當種類才可加es 即 fishes (但是我們可以選擇更美的文字用法"species of fish")
2009年12月5日 星期六
All I Have to Do Is Dream
句型：All (that) S +V... is + V
All I Have To Do Is Dream by The Everly Brothers
Dream, dream, dream, dream, dream, 做夢、做夢、做夢、做夢、做夢
Dream, dream, dream, when I want you in my arms 當我想把你抱在懷裡的時候後我就做夢
When I want you and all your charms 當我想要你和你所有的風情萬種
Whenever I want you 每當我需要你的時候
All I have to do is dream 我唯一能做的就是做夢
Dream, dream, dream, when I feel blue in the night 當我夜裡感覺沮喪的時候，我就做夢
And I need you to hold me tight 還有我需要你抱緊我的時候
Whenever I want you 每當我需要你的時候
All I have to do is dream 我唯一能做的就是做夢
*I can make you mine 我可以擁有你
Taste your lips of wine 品嚐你醇酒般的唇
any time, night or day 任何時候都可以，不管白天還是夜晚
Only trouble is, gee whiz 唯一的問題就是，哎呀
I'm dreaming my life away 我做夢都把生命給夢光了
I need you so that I could die 我這麼樣地需要你，我快活下下去了
I love you so and that is why 我是這麼樣地愛你，而那就是為什麼
Whenever I want you 每當我需要你的時候
All I have to do is dream 我只有做夢
All I Have To Do Is Dream by The Everly Brothers
Dream, dream, dream, dream, dream, 做夢、做夢、做夢、做夢、做夢
Dream, dream, dream, when I want you in my arms 當我想把你抱在懷裡的時候後我就做夢
When I want you and all your charms 當我想要你和你所有的風情萬種
Whenever I want you 每當我需要你的時候
All I have to do is dream 我唯一能做的就是做夢
Dream, dream, dream, when I feel blue in the night 當我夜裡感覺沮喪的時候，我就做夢
And I need you to hold me tight 還有我需要你抱緊我的時候
Whenever I want you 每當我需要你的時候
All I have to do is dream 我唯一能做的就是做夢
*I can make you mine 我可以擁有你
Taste your lips of wine 品嚐你醇酒般的唇
any time, night or day 任何時候都可以，不管白天還是夜晚
Only trouble is, gee whiz 唯一的問題就是，哎呀
I'm dreaming my life away 我做夢都把生命給夢光了
I need you so that I could die 我這麼樣地需要你，我快活下下去了
I love you so and that is why 我是這麼樣地愛你，而那就是為什麼
Whenever I want you 每當我需要你的時候
All I have to do is dream 我只有做夢
L9 Giant Pandas: An Endangered Species
blame (sb.) for (sth.)
blame (sth.) on (sb.)
He blamed me for the accident. (=He blamed the accident on me.)
他把這次意外事件歸咎於我。
obvious vs. concrete
obvious: clear; easy to see, recognize or understand
concrete: clear and certain, or real and existing in a form that can be seen or felt:
basically 在根本上
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
I. Why is the title named "Giant Pandas"?
Compared with cats, pandas are much bigger.
Explanation:
至於大熊貓的「大」字，應該是個形容詞，描繪panda渾圓壯碩的模樣（一隻成年的貓熊可以重達一百多公斤，相當於兩個成年人的體重）。而貓在人的印象中，不管長得多肥，都不屬於龐然大物。所以，在熊貓前面加個大字，才能彰顯出牠跟貓在size上的區別！事實上，貓熊稱不上giant，因為四十隻貓熊才與一隻大象等重。
II. Vocabulary 補充
I. Words for production
1. on the verge of extinction 瀕臨絕種；extinct volcano 死火山
2. marine life 海洋生物
字首en- 形成的動詞表示「使……」，常常可以從後面的字推測整個動詞的意思。
en + able（能夠的）→ enable（使能夠）
en + large（大的）→ enlarge（增大）
en + rich（豐富的）→ enrich（使豐富）
en + danger（危險）→ endanger（危害）
en + joy（歡樂）→ enjoy（享受）
4. rare species可以指真的罕見的動植物，也可以用來開玩笑地說某種人很少見。
5. main course 主菜；main idea 主旨
6. deforestation n. [U] 砍伐森林；deforest v. [T] 砍伐，移除……上的樹木； rain forest 雨林
字首de- 代表的是「相反」、「減少」、「移除」的意思。
例如：decrease 減少
defrost 解凍
dehumidify 除濕
delete 刪除
deny 否認
7. agriculture n. [U] 農業； forestry 林業；fishery 漁業； stock farming 畜牧業；dairy farming 酪農業;
aquaculture 水產養殖業； mining 礦業
8. threaten v. [T] 威脅；threat n. [C] 威脅；under threat (of sth.) 受到（……的）威脅；pose a threat to 對……造成威脅
9. starve v. [I, T] 挨餓；starvation n. [U] 挨餓；starving adj. 挨餓的；starved adj. 挨餓的；be starving to death 快要餓死了；be starved to death 餓死了
10. worse adj. 更糟的；worse n. [U] 更糟的人、事、物；worse adv. 更糟地；worsen v. [I, T]（使）惡化；go from bad to worse 每況愈下；for better or (for) worse 不管怎樣
11. bloom v. [I] 開花；蓬勃發展( mushroom快速生長、發展)；bloom n. [C]（尤指開在植物上的）花朵；in full bloom 開滿了花
12. 帶 -mate的複合字，都有同伴的意思：
teammate 隊友
classmate 同班同學
schoolmate 同校同學
playmate 玩伴
roommate 室友
running mate 競選搭檔
soul mate 心靈伴侶
13. fur n. [C, U] 毛，毛皮；furless adj. 沒毛的；furry adj. 毛茸茸的
14. 跟predator相反的就是prey：
prey n. [U] 獵物
a bird of prey 猛禽
be easy prey 容易下手的目標
be/fall prey to sth. 成為……下的犧牲者
15. fortune-teller 算命師；tell sb's fortune 算命；make a (big/small) fortune 發財；cost a (small) fortune 所費不貲
16. fund n. [C] 基金會；基金；funds n. (pl.) 資金
17. preserve v. [T] 保存；醃漬（食物）；preserve n. [C, U] 蜜餞；preservation n. [U] 保存
18. kilo- 這個字首有1000倍的意思。
kilometer 公里（長度單位meter公尺的1000倍）
kiloliter 公秉（容量單位liter公升的1000倍）
kilowatt 千瓦（電力單位watt瓦特的1000倍）
19. cub是特別指某些肉食性動物的幼獸，例如獅、熊、狼等。
III. Grammar
-- Passive Voice 被動式
被動式文法
A. 何謂主動，被動?
主動句----主詞是動詞的動作者 ◆我打破窗戶。
被動句-----主詞是動詞的接受者 ◆窗戶被我打破。
B. 何時使用被動式`? 主詞被動詞 ......。
C. 被動式的基本型就是be+pp；但時態不同，被動句的類型 亦會有變化。
1. 現在式的被動------am,are,is +p.p. e.g. English is mostly used nowadays.
2. 過去式的被動------were,was +p.p. e.g. A dear John letter was just sent to him.
3. 未來式的被動------will be + p.p. e.g. The project will be finished by tomorrow.
4. 現在進行式的被動------am,are,is + being+ p.p. e.g. Meansures are being taken to help animals.
5. 過去進行式的被動------were,was + being+ p.p.
6. 現在完成式的被動------have,has + been + p.p. e.g. The game has been won by the Elephants.
7. 過去完成式的被動------had + been + p.p.
8. 未來完成式的被動------will have been + p.p.
D. 特殊情形的被動句
1. 授與動詞的被動(sell give,buy)
◆ He gave me a pen = He gave a pen to me.
= I was given a pen by him.= A pen was given to me by him.
2. 感官動詞的被動( see, hear,watch)
在主動句中，感官動詞之後的to + 需省略 to，但在被動句中 to 不可省略
◆ I saw him run along the street.= He was seen to run along the street by me.
E. 何時該省略 by + 受詞
1. 受詞是所皆知 (e.g. people )
2. 受詞不知是誰或不必知道是誰 (e.g. someone, they)
F. 含有助動詞的被動句
被動句：主詞 + 助動詞 + be +p.p. + by + 受詞
-- 不定詞 (to V)
不定詞在句子中可以作名詞、形容詞、副詞等。
1. 不定詞作名詞
To learn a foreign language is not easy.(主語用)
I forgot to hand in my paper.(受詞用)
3. 不定詞作形容詞
Will you help me to water the plant when I go out of town?(受詞補語用)
Disney's greatest wish was to be a famous artist.(主詞補語用)
4. 不定詞作副詞
He has a lot of questions to ask.
To be honest, I don't like you at all.
She was exhausted, so she went home to take a rest.
Assignment:
Topic: How Much You Know about Endangered Species
1. Choose two endangered species you are interested in.
2. Introduce what they look look, where they live, how they survive, and how people do to protect them.
blame (sth.) on (sb.)
He blamed me for the accident. (=He blamed the accident on me.)
他把這次意外事件歸咎於我。
obvious vs. concrete
obvious: clear; easy to see, recognize or understand
concrete: clear and certain, or real and existing in a form that can be seen or felt:
basically 在根本上
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
I. Why is the title named "Giant Pandas"?
Compared with cats, pandas are much bigger.
Explanation:
至於大熊貓的「大」字，應該是個形容詞，描繪panda渾圓壯碩的模樣（一隻成年的貓熊可以重達一百多公斤，相當於兩個成年人的體重）。而貓在人的印象中，不管長得多肥，都不屬於龐然大物。所以，在熊貓前面加個大字，才能彰顯出牠跟貓在size上的區別！事實上，貓熊稱不上giant，因為四十隻貓熊才與一隻大象等重。
II. Vocabulary 補充
I. Words for production
1. on the verge of extinction 瀕臨絕種；extinct volcano 死火山
2. marine life 海洋生物
字首en- 形成的動詞表示「使……」，常常可以從後面的字推測整個動詞的意思。
en + able（能夠的）→ enable（使能夠）
en + large（大的）→ enlarge（增大）
en + rich（豐富的）→ enrich（使豐富）
en + danger（危險）→ endanger（危害）
en + joy（歡樂）→ enjoy（享受）
4. rare species可以指真的罕見的動植物，也可以用來開玩笑地說某種人很少見。
5. main course 主菜；main idea 主旨
6. deforestation n. [U] 砍伐森林；deforest v. [T] 砍伐，移除……上的樹木； rain forest 雨林
字首de- 代表的是「相反」、「減少」、「移除」的意思。
例如：decrease 減少
defrost 解凍
dehumidify 除濕
delete 刪除
deny 否認
7. agriculture n. [U] 農業； forestry 林業；fishery 漁業； stock farming 畜牧業；dairy farming 酪農業;
aquaculture 水產養殖業； mining 礦業
8. threaten v. [T] 威脅；threat n. [C] 威脅；under threat (of sth.) 受到（……的）威脅；pose a threat to 對……造成威脅
9. starve v. [I, T] 挨餓；starvation n. [U] 挨餓；starving adj. 挨餓的；starved adj. 挨餓的；be starving to death 快要餓死了；be starved to death 餓死了
10. worse adj. 更糟的；worse n. [U] 更糟的人、事、物；worse adv. 更糟地；worsen v. [I, T]（使）惡化；go from bad to worse 每況愈下；for better or (for) worse 不管怎樣
11. bloom v. [I] 開花；蓬勃發展( mushroom快速生長、發展)；bloom n. [C]（尤指開在植物上的）花朵；in full bloom 開滿了花
12. 帶 -mate的複合字，都有同伴的意思：
teammate 隊友
classmate 同班同學
schoolmate 同校同學
playmate 玩伴
roommate 室友
running mate 競選搭檔
soul mate 心靈伴侶
13. fur n. [C, U] 毛，毛皮；furless adj. 沒毛的；furry adj. 毛茸茸的
14. 跟predator相反的就是prey：
prey n. [U] 獵物
a bird of prey 猛禽
be easy prey 容易下手的目標
be/fall prey to sth. 成為……下的犧牲者
15. fortune-teller 算命師；tell sb's fortune 算命；make a (big/small) fortune 發財；cost a (small) fortune 所費不貲
16. fund n. [C] 基金會；基金；funds n. (pl.) 資金
17. preserve v. [T] 保存；醃漬（食物）；preserve n. [C, U] 蜜餞；preservation n. [U] 保存
18. kilo- 這個字首有1000倍的意思。
kilometer 公里（長度單位meter公尺的1000倍）
kiloliter 公秉（容量單位liter公升的1000倍）
kilowatt 千瓦（電力單位watt瓦特的1000倍）
19. cub是特別指某些肉食性動物的幼獸，例如獅、熊、狼等。
III. Grammar
-- Passive Voice 被動式
被動式文法
A. 何謂主動，被動?
主動句----主詞是動詞的動作者 ◆我打破窗戶。
被動句-----主詞是動詞的接受者 ◆窗戶被我打破。
B. 何時使用被動式`? 主詞被動詞 ......。
C. 被動式的基本型就是be+pp；但時態不同，被動句的類型 亦會有變化。
1. 現在式的被動------am,are,is +p.p. e.g. English is mostly used nowadays.
2. 過去式的被動------were,was +p.p. e.g. A dear John letter was just sent to him.
3. 未來式的被動------will be + p.p. e.g. The project will be finished by tomorrow.
4. 現在進行式的被動------am,are,is + being+ p.p. e.g. Meansures are being taken to help animals.
5. 過去進行式的被動------were,was + being+ p.p.
6. 現在完成式的被動------have,has + been + p.p. e.g. The game has been won by the Elephants.
7. 過去完成式的被動------had + been + p.p.
8. 未來完成式的被動------will have been + p.p.
D. 特殊情形的被動句
1. 授與動詞的被動(sell give,buy)
◆ He gave me a pen = He gave a pen to me.
= I was given a pen by him.= A pen was given to me by him.
2. 感官動詞的被動( see, hear,watch)
在主動句中，感官動詞之後的to + 需省略 to，但在被動句中 to 不可省略
◆ I saw him run along the street.= He was seen to run along the street by me.
E. 何時該省略 by + 受詞
1. 受詞是所皆知 (e.g. people )
2. 受詞不知是誰或不必知道是誰 (e.g. someone, they)
F. 含有助動詞的被動句
被動句：主詞 + 助動詞 + be +p.p. + by + 受詞
-- 不定詞 (to V)
不定詞在句子中可以作名詞、形容詞、副詞等。
1. 不定詞作名詞
To learn a foreign language is not easy.(主語用)
I forgot to hand in my paper.(受詞用)
3. 不定詞作形容詞
Will you help me to water the plant when I go out of town?(受詞補語用)
Disney's greatest wish was to be a famous artist.(主詞補語用)
4. 不定詞作副詞
He has a lot of questions to ask.
To be honest, I don't like you at all.
She was exhausted, so she went home to take a rest.
Assignment:
Topic: How Much You Know about Endangered Species
1. Choose two endangered species you are interested in.
2. Introduce what they look look, where they live, how they survive, and how people do to protect them.
2009年12月4日 星期五
2009年12月2日 星期三
School Trip
Dear all,
You may not be interested in studying at the school, but I hope you to explore your vision to see what college looks like so that you can well prepare for the future.
文藻外語學院於99年2月27日(六)下午舉辦"認識文藻半日遊",報名時間自98年12月
1日至99年2月14日,請自行上網報名。本梯名額150名(含家長),以網路報名先後錄取,
報名後要取消請於99年2月14日前直接上網或電話通知或更改梯次。預訂第二梯次於
99年5月29日(六)下午。http://www2.wtuc.edu.tw/iwz
You may not be interested in studying at the school, but I hope you to explore your vision to see what college looks like so that you can well prepare for the future.
文藻外語學院於99年2月27日(六)下午舉辦"認識文藻半日遊",報名時間自98年12月
1日至99年2月14日,請自行上網報名。本梯名額150名(含家長),以網路報名先後錄取,
報名後要取消請於99年2月14日前直接上網或電話通知或更改梯次。預訂第二梯次於
99年5月29日(六)下午。http://www2.wtuc.edu.tw/iwz
2009年12月1日 星期二
2009年11月27日 星期五
L8 Going Home--Tie a Yellow Ribbon Round the Old Oak Tree
Lyrics:
I'm comin' home, I've done my time
Now I've got to know what is and isn't mine
If you received my letter tellin' you I'd soon be free
Then you'll know just what to do if you still want me
If you still want me
Tie a yellow ribbon round the old oak tree
It's been three long years, do you still want me
If I don't see a ribbon round the old oak tree
I'll stay on the bus, forget about us, put the blame on me
If I don't see a yellow ribbon round the old oak tree
Bus driver please look for me
'Cause I couldn't bear to see what I might see
I'm really still in prison and my love she holds the key
A simple yellow ribbon's what I need to set me free
I wrote and told her please
Now the whole damn bus is cheerin' and I can't believe I see
A hundred yellow ribbons 'round the old oak tree
Your Works
2009年11月15日 星期日
2009年11月11日 星期三
L7 Globalization
Gists:
1. What is "mind mapping"?
A mind map is a diagram used to represent words, ideas, tasks, or other items linked to and arranged around a central key word or idea. Mind maps are used to generate, visualize, structure, and classify ideas, and as an aid in study, organization, problem solving, decision making, and writing. Thus, mind mapping is applied to different fields.
See http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mind_map
2. What are prepositions and when we use them?
Prepositions are words that mainly specify place, direction, time, etc. Besides time and place, intransitive verbs also need preposition while you want to put something right after them, such as suffer from serious disease and prevent myself from hurt.
See references:
* http://esl.about.com/library/beginner/bleasypreps.htm
* http://www.english-the-easy-way.com/Prepositions/What_Are_Prepositions.htm
* http://web2.uvcs.uvic.ca/elc/studyzone/200/grammar/prepo.htm
Assignments for this week:
1. Mind Mapping
(a) First Step: Use "globalization" as a central point. Then, find out the key words and map the ideas that you learn from the text.
(b) Second Step: Use the map to write a composition. While you are writing, don't look at the text which may influence your writing style. But of course, you have to make sure you are quite clear enough about lesson 7.
2. The Usage of Prepositions
(a) First Step: Figure out when you use prepositions or preposition phrases.
(b) Second Step: Identify the preposition phrases from the text, write them down, and sort them to different categories.
Your Works
Good Models: Prepositions and Mind-mapping
2009年11月7日 星期六
IWiLL閱讀線上挑戰得獎名單
第13次全國英語閱讀線上挑戰【悅讀獎(Beginner)_得獎名單】
黃雯華士林高商AFL206張敏兒士林高商AFL206
郭寶純士林高商AFL206
周泯均士林高商AFL206
優質Cube獎_得獎名單
李惠娟slhs AFL206 張
PS. 我們特別於11月14日，上午9：00分，假臺北市市立北一女中至善樓，舉辦「IWiLL十周年成果發表會暨頒獎典禮」。
2009年11月5日 星期四
劍橋文法王比賽
Source: See http://cambridge.hwatai.com.tw/grammarking/construction_winner.asp
目的：鼓勵全民養成英語自修的習慣，冀以提升全民英語能力，並提供與國際接軌之機會。
【學生組】： 凡年滿16~25歲，台、澎、金馬地區高中職與大專院校（不含研究所）在學學生，並持有學生證與中華民國國民身份證者皆可參加。
【社會組】： 凡年滿20歲，非在學學生身分與不具英語相關教職，並持有中華民國國民身份證者皆可參加。
【文法王冠軍獎】：
各組1名，共2名。獎項：
(1) 劍橋文法王冠軍獎狀乙張
(2) 台北-倫敦來回機票乙張（價值：42,500元）
(3) 劍橋風光導覽一日遊（觀賞影片）
以上將由劍橋大學出版社總裁 Mr. Stephen Bourne 親自頒發
【文法王亞軍獎】：
各組1名，共2名。獎項：
(1) 劍橋文法王亞軍獎狀乙張
(2) 學生組：CAE 劍橋主流高級英語認證（價值：4,300元）
【文法王季軍獎】：
各組1名，共2名。獎項：
(1) 劍橋文法王季軍獎狀乙張
(2) 學生組：FCE 劍橋主流中高級英語認證（價值：4,000元）
文法王決賽紀念獎：
各組20名，共40名。獎項：
(1) 劍橋高階英英字典精裝版乙本。（劍橋大學出版社總裁簽章紀念版，價值：1,100元）
(2) 華泰劍橋聯合週年限量紀念馬克杯乙個（價值：350元）。
★文法王參賽幸運抽獎★
獎項：
(1) 英國文化協會成人英語課程乙期（價值：10,000元）：1名。
2009/11/13抽出1名，得獎名單於活動網站公佈。
(2) 劍橋限量小熊（價值：299元）：66名。
2009/10/21~2099/11/11每日抽3名，得獎名單每日於活動網站公佈。
﹝二階段﹞
【初賽】： 採網路線上測驗
◆測驗日期：2009/10/20~2009/11/10
◆比賽辦法：於網路線上測驗期間，登錄個人資料參加「挑戰文法王」比賽，並完成20分鐘的線上計時文法測驗。
◆錄取名額：各組依測驗分數錄取前20名最高分者參加決賽。
（同分則依測驗完成時間愈早者優先錄取）。
【決賽】： 採現場紙筆測驗
◆測驗日期：2009/11/28 下午
◆測驗地點：台灣金融研訓院 菁業堂（地址：台北市羅斯福路三段62號2樓）
◆比賽辦法：現場30分鐘試卷紙筆測驗，依測驗分數高低評比優勝結果。
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
（1）若決賽成績同分，則各獎項將採現場抽籤方式決定。
（2）獎項說明：
機票獎項：
◆搭乘航空公司：長榮航空。
◆適用出發日期：2010/01/01~2010/06/30。
◆停留天數：最長2個月。
◆航班說明：桃園國際機場直飛倫敦希斯羅國際機場，經曼谷轉機，不可停留。
◆更改限制：在適用出發期間可轉換親友使用，但開票後須全程依序完整使用，不可退票、不可更改行程(航線)、艙等，不可轉讓其它航空公司或他人使用。
◆其他：本活動贈送之機票未含機場稅，燃油費及部份外籍航空的兵險費之費用。
劍橋導覽獎項：
◆提供導覽單位：劍橋大學出版社。
◆適用出發日期：2010/01/01~2010/08/31，但須避開聖誕假期與週六、日。出發前一個月須主動與主辦單位華泰文化（02-2162-1217分機181）聯繫，以便協助安排導覽接待事宜；若無主動聯繫，恕無法安排導覽行程。
◆更改限制：不可轉換，僅接待文法比賽冠軍本人，學生組與社會組各一名。
英語認證獎項：
◆提供英語認證單位：英國劍橋大學ESOL考試院台灣辦事處。
◆適用報名考試日期：2009/12/01~2010/06/30。
◆更改限制：可轉換，亦可更換為英國劍橋大學ESOL考試院所辦理各類認證（詳細認證項目請見英國劍橋大學ESOL考試院官網 ），但須於適用期間完成轉換手續。
英語課程獎項：
◆提供課程單位：英國文化協會。
◆課程名稱：英國文化協會成人英語課程。
◆適用日期：須於2009/12/01~2010/01/31內完成分級測驗與註冊。
◆更改限制：可轉換，但須於適用期間完成轉換手續。
（3）主辦單位保有活動內容及各獎項更動之權力，其他若有未盡之事宜，將另行補充約定之。
目的：鼓勵全民養成英語自修的習慣，冀以提升全民英語能力，並提供與國際接軌之機會。
【學生組】： 凡年滿16~25歲，台、澎、金馬地區高中職與大專院校（不含研究所）在學學生，並持有學生證與中華民國國民身份證者皆可參加。
【社會組】： 凡年滿20歲，非在學學生身分與不具英語相關教職，並持有中華民國國民身份證者皆可參加。
【文法王冠軍獎】：
各組1名，共2名。獎項：
(1) 劍橋文法王冠軍獎狀乙張
(2) 台北-倫敦來回機票乙張（價值：42,500元）
(3) 劍橋風光導覽一日遊（觀賞影片）
以上將由劍橋大學出版社總裁 Mr. Stephen Bourne 親自頒發
【文法王亞軍獎】：
各組1名，共2名。獎項：
(1) 劍橋文法王亞軍獎狀乙張
(2) 學生組：CAE 劍橋主流高級英語認證（價值：4,300元）
【文法王季軍獎】：
各組1名，共2名。獎項：
(1) 劍橋文法王季軍獎狀乙張
(2) 學生組：FCE 劍橋主流中高級英語認證（價值：4,000元）
文法王決賽紀念獎：
各組20名，共40名。獎項：
(1) 劍橋高階英英字典精裝版乙本。（劍橋大學出版社總裁簽章紀念版，價值：1,100元）
(2) 華泰劍橋聯合週年限量紀念馬克杯乙個（價值：350元）。
★文法王參賽幸運抽獎★
獎項：
(1) 英國文化協會成人英語課程乙期（價值：10,000元）：1名。
2009/11/13抽出1名，得獎名單於活動網站公佈。
(2) 劍橋限量小熊（價值：299元）：66名。
2009/10/21~2099/11/11每日抽3名，得獎名單每日於活動網站公佈。
﹝二階段﹞
【初賽】： 採網路線上測驗
◆測驗日期：2009/10/20~2009/11/10
◆比賽辦法：於網路線上測驗期間，登錄個人資料參加「挑戰文法王」比賽，並完成20分鐘的線上計時文法測驗。
◆錄取名額：各組依測驗分數錄取前20名最高分者參加決賽。
（同分則依測驗完成時間愈早者優先錄取）。
【決賽】： 採現場紙筆測驗
◆測驗日期：2009/11/28 下午
◆測驗地點：台灣金融研訓院 菁業堂（地址：台北市羅斯福路三段62號2樓）
◆比賽辦法：現場30分鐘試卷紙筆測驗，依測驗分數高低評比優勝結果。
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
（1）若決賽成績同分，則各獎項將採現場抽籤方式決定。
（2）獎項說明：
機票獎項：
◆搭乘航空公司：長榮航空。
◆適用出發日期：2010/01/01~2010/06/30。
◆停留天數：最長2個月。
◆航班說明：桃園國際機場直飛倫敦希斯羅國際機場，經曼谷轉機，不可停留。
◆更改限制：在適用出發期間可轉換親友使用，但開票後須全程依序完整使用，不可退票、不可更改行程(航線)、艙等，不可轉讓其它航空公司或他人使用。
◆其他：本活動贈送之機票未含機場稅，燃油費及部份外籍航空的兵險費之費用。
劍橋導覽獎項：
◆提供導覽單位：劍橋大學出版社。
◆適用出發日期：2010/01/01~2010/08/31，但須避開聖誕假期與週六、日。出發前一個月須主動與主辦單位華泰文化（02-2162-1217分機181）聯繫，以便協助安排導覽接待事宜；若無主動聯繫，恕無法安排導覽行程。
◆更改限制：不可轉換，僅接待文法比賽冠軍本人，學生組與社會組各一名。
英語認證獎項：
◆提供英語認證單位：英國劍橋大學ESOL考試院台灣辦事處。
◆適用報名考試日期：2009/12/01~2010/06/30。
◆更改限制：可轉換，亦可更換為英國劍橋大學ESOL考試院所辦理各類認證（詳細認證項目請見英國劍橋大學ESOL考試院官網 ），但須於適用期間完成轉換手續。
英語課程獎項：
◆提供課程單位：英國文化協會。
◆課程名稱：英國文化協會成人英語課程。
◆適用日期：須於2009/12/01~2010/01/31內完成分級測驗與註冊。
◆更改限制：可轉換，但須於適用期間完成轉換手續。
（3）主辦單位保有活動內容及各獎項更動之權力，其他若有未盡之事宜，將另行補充約定之。
空英聖誕音樂會
今年是12/12星期六。
跟往年一樣有團體保留的服務，但需要至少30人為一團體單位，可自行調整，社團或跨班級不拘，只要有一個聯絡人可以確定與這30個人保持聯絡即可。
今年團體入場安排在晚上7:30那一場，需要學校團體 在6:30準時入場（6:30前請集合點名完畢） 。
欲安排學校團體登記入場的話，請務必於11/13 下週五前，回覆我下列資料。
現場聯絡人姓名，手機，學校名稱，人數。
現場聯絡人很重要，是當天入場的關鍵，所以請聯絡人務必確認手機為使用中，並且當天六點半進場時已協助整隊完畢！
有需要團體保留者，請務必於11/13下週五，回覆上述資料到此一信箱，我會已您留的手機與您簡訊確認，以簡訊確認為準。名額有限，額滿為止。歡迎有興趣的師生，儘速回報人數！
連絡人
Weber 維斯， Sylvia慧婷， Mark祖望 02-2656-2188 #702/707/708
跟往年一樣有團體保留的服務，但需要至少30人為一團體單位，可自行調整，社團或跨班級不拘，只要有一個聯絡人可以確定與這30個人保持聯絡即可。
今年團體入場安排在晚上7:30那一場，需要學校團體 在6:30準時入場（6:30前請集合點名完畢） 。
欲安排學校團體登記入場的話，請務必於11/13 下週五前，回覆我下列資料。
現場聯絡人姓名，手機，學校名稱，人數。
現場聯絡人很重要，是當天入場的關鍵，所以請聯絡人務必確認手機為使用中，並且當天六點半進場時已協助整隊完畢！
有需要團體保留者，請務必於11/13下週五，回覆上述資料到此一信箱，我會已您留的手機與您簡訊確認，以簡訊確認為準。名額有限，額滿為止。歡迎有興趣的師生，儘速回報人數！
連絡人
Weber 維斯， Sylvia慧婷， Mark祖望 02-2656-2188 #702/707/708
2009年10月26日 星期一
99年GEPT全民英檢重要訊息公告
Dear all,
If you do not have the certificate of GEPT, try hard to get one. If you've got it, you have to prepare for the TOEIC that is our focus in the following semesters.
一、99年全民英檢(GEPT)施測日程表
1. 增加初試的網路預報名服務：
自99年起，初、中、中高級初試除可以通信方式報名外，亦皆可上網預報名。擬以網路預報名者，無須購買報名手冊但須自行列印報名表，電子簡章預定於10月19 日上網，請於報名期間上網依說明完成報名程序；擬以通信報名者須購買報名手冊每份50 元，預定自10月20 日起開始販售。現場販售地點請至以下網站查閱，或電洽LTTC出納科，電話：(02)2362-6385轉232~234。
http://www.lttc.ntu.edu.tw/geptsalelocation.htm
2. 停止受理高中生持健保IC 卡報名/應試：
自99年起各級測驗（含報名日期在98 年10月~12月之中級與初級初試測驗）停止受理高中生使用健保IC 卡報名及應試。有意報考者，請及早辦理國民身分證。
3. 放寬複試報考規定
自99 年起各級考生於初試通過後，可於二年內直接報考複試；如第一年內仍未通過複試中的一項（寫作或口說）或兩項，得於次年報考未通過項目。一經通過，將核發四項通過之合格證書。此新規定將適用於99年起通過初試的考生，有關寫作、口說單項報考細節將於核定後公布，於100 年開始實施。
4. 題型修訂
自99年起初級聽力測驗將有重要變革，第一部分【看圖辨義】將從10題減為5題；第三部分【簡短對話】將從播出兩次改為播出一次；並將增加5題的【短文聽解】題型（含廣播、電話留言、簡短談話），每題內容長度(含問題與聽力內容)在40字至60字範圍內，每題僅播出一遍。
四、有任何全民英檢相關資訊請查閱「LTTC全民英檢學習網站」（網址： http://www.gept.org.tw），或電洽LTTC全民英檢組（電話：(02)2369-7127）。
If you do not have the certificate of GEPT, try hard to get one. If you've got it, you have to prepare for the TOEIC that is our focus in the following semesters.
一、99年全民英檢(GEPT)施測日程表
二、重要變革：
1. 增加初試的網路預報名服務：
自99年起，初、中、中高級初試除可以通信方式報名外，亦皆可上網預報名。擬以網路預報名者，無須購買報名手冊但須自行列印報名表，電子簡章預定於10月19 日上網，請於報名期間上網依說明完成報名程序；擬以通信報名者須購買報名手冊每份50 元，預定自10月20 日起開始販售。現場販售地點請至以下網站查閱，或電洽LTTC出納科，電話：(02)2362-6385轉232~234。
http://www.lttc.ntu.edu.tw/geptsalelocation.htm
2. 停止受理高中生持健保IC 卡報名/應試：
自99年起各級測驗（含報名日期在98 年10月~12月之中級與初級初試測驗）停止受理高中生使用健保IC 卡報名及應試。有意報考者，請及早辦理國民身分證。
3. 放寬複試報考規定
自99 年起各級考生於初試通過後，可於二年內直接報考複試；如第一年內仍未通過複試中的一項（寫作或口說）或兩項，得於次年報考未通過項目。一經通過，將核發四項通過之合格證書。此新規定將適用於99年起通過初試的考生，有關寫作、口說單項報考細節將於核定後公布，於100 年開始實施。
4. 題型修訂
自99年起初級聽力測驗將有重要變革，第一部分【看圖辨義】將從10題減為5題；第三部分【簡短對話】將從播出兩次改為播出一次；並將增加5題的【短文聽解】題型（含廣播、電話留言、簡短談話），每題內容長度(含問題與聽力內容)在40字至60字範圍內，每題僅播出一遍。
四、有任何全民英檢相關資訊請查閱「LTTC全民英檢學習網站」（網址： http://www.gept.org.tw），或電洽LTTC全民英檢組（電話：(02)2369-7127）。
2009年10月22日 星期四
Emily Dickinson and Her Poems
先備知識
1. 英詩常須遷就韻腳的安排和節奏的搭配，詩中的句型與文法常顯得不甚合理，因此在正常的寫作上要避免以這些特例。
2. 有關英詩的賞析，須由form 和meaning兩個大方向著手：
The form of poetry可以涵蓋三個基本的要件：
(1) stanza（詩節）： 相當於文章中的paragraph（段落）的概念。
(2) rhyme（押韻）： 兩個英文字以同樣的讀音結尾，就形成押韻。 英文則因為有音節為單位的特性，押韻時最後一個音節的「母音 + 之後的子音」都要相同，如cold/gold押韻，storm/warm押韻，fight/high則不押韻。 rhyme scheme（全詩的押韻佈局）的寫法：英詩中第一個韻腳以a, b, c, d等表達，近似中文的「平仄。
(3) rhythm（節奏）： 指的是音節強弱的反覆循環。
The meaning of poetry的方面：
可以討論的主題相當多：tone, irony, word order, imagery, figures of speech, symbol, theme等，都在可探討之列，特別是Emily Dickinson的作品常有評論家自女性主義(feminism)的角度來檢視。
Emily生平簡介
Emily Elizabeth Dickinson，1830年12月10日－1886年5月15日，美國詩人。詩風凝煉(precise and concise)，比喻尖新，常置格律以至語法於不顧。生前只出版過10首詩，默默無聞，死後近70年開始得到文學界的認真關注，被現代派詩人追認為先驅。與同時代的惠特曼(Whitman)，一同被奉為美國最偉大詩人，後世對她的詩藝、戀愛生活、性取向多有揣測。
生於麻萨诸塞州(Massachusetts State )西部的安默斯特。父親為有名望的律師，是學院的司庫(總務) (treasurer)，也曾供職麻州普通法院、麻州參議院，以及美国众议院。有一兄一妹，年輕時跟兄長奧斯汀的感情尤篤，二人都特立獨行，愛好文學。從小接受良好教育，17歲進入女子大學，但一年後因病輟學。一生大部分時間在家中渡過。跟妹妹文妮一樣，終生未婚，替多病的母親管理家事。55歲病逝。
年輕時的密友蘇珊•吉爾伯特(Susan Gilbert)，後來成了迪更生的嫂子。婚後，蘇珊跟迪更生為鄰，但二人常以便條通信。迪更生許多詩作的第一個讀者（超過250首）就是蘇珊，而且常因蘇珊的意見而修改詩作。迪更生現存的書信，致蘇珊的也占最多。曾說：「成為蘇珊就是想像」(To be Susan is Imagination)，迪更生對蘇珊的強烈感情是否為同性戀傾慕，成了不少學者爭論的題目。
年輕時的社交生活跟一般少女無異，且好作諧詩。未能確定迪更生何時開始認真做詩，但從1858年起，開始篩選自己的詩作，訂裝成「詩稿」(fascicle)。1860-65這幾年，是迪更生創作力最旺盛的時期，同時開始隱居，有時甚至拒見來客。對時事坦白地缺乏興趣，包括美國內戰。後世猜測，迪更生因戀愛失敗而離群索居(幽閉恐怖症 claustrophobia)，但並無有力證據支持這一點。其實迪更生隱居後，依然跟許多人通信（已知的通信者有99人，包括一些有名望的文人），在寫詩、管家之餘，精神上並不孤單。1862年，寫信給當時著名的雜誌編輯希金生(Thomas W. Higginson)，請他品評自己的詩作。希金生看到迪更生的天才，但由於她的詩風異於同時，始終沒有鼓勵她出版。雖然迪更生沒有正式出版她的詩，但常在書信中附上詩歌，令其詩開始在親友中流傳。
迪更生死後，文妮發現其姊留下的詩歌（共有40本詩稿，以及若干散軼的手稿）。蘇珊嘗試助她整理出版，不果。手稿落在奧斯汀的情婦托德(Mabel Loomis Todd)手上，她與希金生最終合力讓迪更生的詩歌面世。後來，迪更生的姪女瑪撒(Martha Dickinson Bianchi)，即蘇珊的女兒，也出版了迪更生的部分詩歌與書信。1955年，首部未經竄改的迪更生詩全集出版，引起文學界的關注，開始對其人其詩作全新的評估。
Dickinson 的詩風
迪更生的詩採用一般教會讚美詩的格律：每節四句，第一、三句八音節，第二、四句六音節，音步是最簡單的「輕、重」，第二、四句押韻。例如：
Because I could not stop for Death--
He kindly stopped for me--
The Carriage held but just Ourselves--
and Immortality.
詩的篇幅短小，多數只有兩至五節，經常破格，常押所謂「半韻」(half rhyme)；放棄傳統的標點，多用破折號;名詞多用大寫（但這個習慣在當時很平常）；常省略句子成分，有時甚至連動詞也省掉；句法多倒裝，有學者指這是受拉丁文詞序的影響。
迪更生的詩富於睿智，新奇的比喻隨手拋擲，順心驅使各個領域的辭彙（家常或文學的，科學或宗教的），舊字新用，自鑄偉詞。喜歡在詩中扮演不同角色，有時是新娘，有時是小男孩，尤其喜歡用已死者的身分說話。迪更生描寫大自然的詩篇在美國家喻戶曉，常被選入童蒙課本。痛苦與狂喜，死亡與永生，都是迪更生詩歌的重要主題。
迪更生詩作的音樂性和圖象性，成了近年批評家關注的題目。其詩用的破折號，時長時短，有時向上翹，有時向下彎，有批評家指這些是音樂記號，代表吟咏或歌唱那首詩時的高低抑揚；其詩的詩行往往不是一寫到尾，有時一句詩行會分開兩、三行寫（即是說每行只有兩三個字），有學者認為這是刻意的安排，跟詩意大有關係。
世人對Dickinson詩的評價
迪更生的詩集在1890年代面世時，普遍受到讀者的歡迎。批評家大都承認迪更生的天才，但只把她看成「怪才」、「鬼才」、「偏才」，而非大詩人。迪更生的詩常常不押韻，格律不齊，被多數論者看作是「無能為力」，都覺得她才氣有餘，但詩藝還未到家。
往後數十年，迪更生都保有讀者，但文學地位並沒有提高。到了現代派掘起，迪更生那種聲調不諧、句法支離的詩歌開始被看重，認為能夠代表現代人的感受。1950年代，首部未經竄改的迪更生詩全集出版，使人看到其詩的全貌、真貌，從此迪更生的文學地位被重新評估，已進入所謂「西方正典」。傳記作者也開始強調迪更生獨立、堅強的個性（不一定跟女性主義的興起有關），甚至有人稱迪更生為「阿默斯特的萨德侯爵」，強調她個性中乖僻的一面。
Emily Dickinson "Because I could not stop for death" Poem
高中生眼中的Emily Dickinson
http://www.shs.edu.tw/works/essay/2005/10/2005102423243779.pdf
個別或群組作業
1. 選一首詩
2. 創造出演示方式吟唱此首詩
3. 第6課教完後表演 (錄影)
1. 英詩常須遷就韻腳的安排和節奏的搭配，詩中的句型與文法常顯得不甚合理，因此在正常的寫作上要避免以這些特例。
2. 有關英詩的賞析，須由form 和meaning兩個大方向著手：
The form of poetry可以涵蓋三個基本的要件：
(1) stanza（詩節）： 相當於文章中的paragraph（段落）的概念。
(2) rhyme（押韻）： 兩個英文字以同樣的讀音結尾，就形成押韻。 英文則因為有音節為單位的特性，押韻時最後一個音節的「母音 + 之後的子音」都要相同，如cold/gold押韻，storm/warm押韻，fight/high則不押韻。 rhyme scheme（全詩的押韻佈局）的寫法：英詩中第一個韻腳以a, b, c, d等表達，近似中文的「平仄。
(3) rhythm（節奏）： 指的是音節強弱的反覆循環。
The meaning of poetry的方面：
可以討論的主題相當多：tone, irony, word order, imagery, figures of speech, symbol, theme等，都在可探討之列，特別是Emily Dickinson的作品常有評論家自女性主義(feminism)的角度來檢視。
Emily生平簡介
Emily Elizabeth Dickinson，1830年12月10日－1886年5月15日，美國詩人。詩風凝煉(precise and concise)，比喻尖新，常置格律以至語法於不顧。生前只出版過10首詩，默默無聞，死後近70年開始得到文學界的認真關注，被現代派詩人追認為先驅。與同時代的惠特曼(Whitman)，一同被奉為美國最偉大詩人，後世對她的詩藝、戀愛生活、性取向多有揣測。
生於麻萨诸塞州(Massachusetts State )西部的安默斯特。父親為有名望的律師，是學院的司庫(總務) (treasurer)，也曾供職麻州普通法院、麻州參議院，以及美国众议院。有一兄一妹，年輕時跟兄長奧斯汀的感情尤篤，二人都特立獨行，愛好文學。從小接受良好教育，17歲進入女子大學，但一年後因病輟學。一生大部分時間在家中渡過。跟妹妹文妮一樣，終生未婚，替多病的母親管理家事。55歲病逝。
年輕時的密友蘇珊•吉爾伯特(Susan Gilbert)，後來成了迪更生的嫂子。婚後，蘇珊跟迪更生為鄰，但二人常以便條通信。迪更生許多詩作的第一個讀者（超過250首）就是蘇珊，而且常因蘇珊的意見而修改詩作。迪更生現存的書信，致蘇珊的也占最多。曾說：「成為蘇珊就是想像」(To be Susan is Imagination)，迪更生對蘇珊的強烈感情是否為同性戀傾慕，成了不少學者爭論的題目。
年輕時的社交生活跟一般少女無異，且好作諧詩。未能確定迪更生何時開始認真做詩，但從1858年起，開始篩選自己的詩作，訂裝成「詩稿」(fascicle)。1860-65這幾年，是迪更生創作力最旺盛的時期，同時開始隱居，有時甚至拒見來客。對時事坦白地缺乏興趣，包括美國內戰。後世猜測，迪更生因戀愛失敗而離群索居(幽閉恐怖症 claustrophobia)，但並無有力證據支持這一點。其實迪更生隱居後，依然跟許多人通信（已知的通信者有99人，包括一些有名望的文人），在寫詩、管家之餘，精神上並不孤單。1862年，寫信給當時著名的雜誌編輯希金生(Thomas W. Higginson)，請他品評自己的詩作。希金生看到迪更生的天才，但由於她的詩風異於同時，始終沒有鼓勵她出版。雖然迪更生沒有正式出版她的詩，但常在書信中附上詩歌，令其詩開始在親友中流傳。
迪更生死後，文妮發現其姊留下的詩歌（共有40本詩稿，以及若干散軼的手稿）。蘇珊嘗試助她整理出版，不果。手稿落在奧斯汀的情婦托德(Mabel Loomis Todd)手上，她與希金生最終合力讓迪更生的詩歌面世。後來，迪更生的姪女瑪撒(Martha Dickinson Bianchi)，即蘇珊的女兒，也出版了迪更生的部分詩歌與書信。1955年，首部未經竄改的迪更生詩全集出版，引起文學界的關注，開始對其人其詩作全新的評估。
Dickinson 的詩風
迪更生的詩採用一般教會讚美詩的格律：每節四句，第一、三句八音節，第二、四句六音節，音步是最簡單的「輕、重」，第二、四句押韻。例如：
Because I could not stop for Death--
He kindly stopped for me--
The Carriage held but just Ourselves--
and Immortality.
詩的篇幅短小，多數只有兩至五節，經常破格，常押所謂「半韻」(half rhyme)；放棄傳統的標點，多用破折號;名詞多用大寫（但這個習慣在當時很平常）；常省略句子成分，有時甚至連動詞也省掉；句法多倒裝，有學者指這是受拉丁文詞序的影響。
迪更生的詩富於睿智，新奇的比喻隨手拋擲，順心驅使各個領域的辭彙（家常或文學的，科學或宗教的），舊字新用，自鑄偉詞。喜歡在詩中扮演不同角色，有時是新娘，有時是小男孩，尤其喜歡用已死者的身分說話。迪更生描寫大自然的詩篇在美國家喻戶曉，常被選入童蒙課本。痛苦與狂喜，死亡與永生，都是迪更生詩歌的重要主題。
迪更生詩作的音樂性和圖象性，成了近年批評家關注的題目。其詩用的破折號，時長時短，有時向上翹，有時向下彎，有批評家指這些是音樂記號，代表吟咏或歌唱那首詩時的高低抑揚；其詩的詩行往往不是一寫到尾，有時一句詩行會分開兩、三行寫（即是說每行只有兩三個字），有學者認為這是刻意的安排，跟詩意大有關係。
世人對Dickinson詩的評價
迪更生的詩集在1890年代面世時，普遍受到讀者的歡迎。批評家大都承認迪更生的天才，但只把她看成「怪才」、「鬼才」、「偏才」，而非大詩人。迪更生的詩常常不押韻，格律不齊，被多數論者看作是「無能為力」，都覺得她才氣有餘，但詩藝還未到家。
往後數十年，迪更生都保有讀者，但文學地位並沒有提高。到了現代派掘起，迪更生那種聲調不諧、句法支離的詩歌開始被看重，認為能夠代表現代人的感受。1950年代，首部未經竄改的迪更生詩全集出版，使人看到其詩的全貌、真貌，從此迪更生的文學地位被重新評估，已進入所謂「西方正典」。傳記作者也開始強調迪更生獨立、堅強的個性（不一定跟女性主義的興起有關），甚至有人稱迪更生為「阿默斯特的萨德侯爵」，強調她個性中乖僻的一面。
Emily Dickinson "Because I could not stop for death" Poem
高中生眼中的Emily Dickinson
http://www.shs.edu.tw/works/essay/2005/10/2005102423243779.pdf
個別或群組作業
1. 選一首詩
2. 創造出演示方式吟唱此首詩
3. 第6課教完後表演 (錄影)
2009年10月18日 星期日
2009年10月17日 星期六
Your Scores!
While looking at your grades, I found I was totally disappointed and discouraged. I need to reconsider what I need to do next.
2009年10月15日 星期四
Win the Competitions
Phoenix Sister Cities is currently seeking submissions for both the International Young Artist Competition and our International Young Authors Competition. Each program is unique and open to Phoenix residence as well as students from our nine Sister Cities, between the ages of 13 and 18. Students have the opportunity to earn recognition and win cash awards for their creativity and artistic ability, and at the same time help extend the Sister Cities mission through the visual and written arts.
This year's theme,
"Your World!" What makes you, you?
International exchanges and travel can impact you in many different ways. What cultures and experiences have influence your life?"
For the Artist Competitions:
All Artwork must be of watercolors, oils, pastels, pen and ink, charcoal, mixed media, photography or computer-generated art.
Framed artwork is not eligible.
Submissions must be two-dimensional artwork no larger than 24 inches by 30 inches and must be the original design and work of the student artist.
Artwork must be mounted on foam core or matted.
For the Author Competition:
Submittals can either be an essay or poem.
Essays must not be plagiarized, stolen or copies from any other source and must not defame or invade the rights of any person, living or dead.
All entries must be submitted in English.
Essays are not to exceed 4,000 words and poetry is not to exceed 40 lines.
Essays must be doubles spaced.
The deadline for submissions is Friday, Feb. 12, 2010.
I am hoping you can pass this information on to schools, in your city, that would be interested in submitting works for the competition.
I have attached copies of both our brochures for you to view.
For more information, please visit our website:
Home Page: http://www.phoenixsistercities.org/templates/index.php
Artist Competition: http://www.phoenixsistercities.org/templates/section-view.php?id=47
Authors Competition: http://www.phoenixsistercities.org/templates/section-view.php?id=125
I look forward to hearing from you.
Thank you!
P.J. Conover
This year's theme,
"Your World!" What makes you, you?
International exchanges and travel can impact you in many different ways. What cultures and experiences have influence your life?"
For the Artist Competitions:
All Artwork must be of watercolors, oils, pastels, pen and ink, charcoal, mixed media, photography or computer-generated art.
Framed artwork is not eligible.
Submissions must be two-dimensional artwork no larger than 24 inches by 30 inches and must be the original design and work of the student artist.
Artwork must be mounted on foam core or matted.
For the Author Competition:
Submittals can either be an essay or poem.
Essays must not be plagiarized, stolen or copies from any other source and must not defame or invade the rights of any person, living or dead.
All entries must be submitted in English.
Essays are not to exceed 4,000 words and poetry is not to exceed 40 lines.
Essays must be doubles spaced.
The deadline for submissions is Friday, Feb. 12, 2010.
I am hoping you can pass this information on to schools, in your city, that would be interested in submitting works for the competition.
I have attached copies of both our brochures for you to view.
For more information, please visit our website:
Home Page: http://www.phoenixsistercities.org/templates/index.php
Artist Competition: http://www.phoenixsistercities.org/templates/section-view.php?id=47
Authors Competition: http://www.phoenixsistercities.org/templates/section-view.php?id=125
I look forward to hearing from you.
Thank you!
P.J. Conover
2009年10月10日 星期六
Asking Nature for Advice--Biomimicry
I. Biomimicry
模擬生物學（Biomimicry）的定義是 “a new science that studies nature’s models and then imitates or takes inspiration from these designs and processes to solve human problems”
見 http:// www.biomimicry.net/case_studies.html
II. Tell the concepts about the inventions mentioned in the text
1. organ transplants
2. the Wright brothers' airplane
3. George de Mestral's Velcro
4. self-cleaning house paint
5. bulletproof vests and safer bridges
III. Grammar Focus
一般形容詞都放名詞前面，但若修飾複合不定代名詞如nothing, something, everything, anything, someone, anyone, everyone, nobody, somebody, everybody, anybody 則形容詞要緊接在複合不定代名詞之後。
【補充練習】
1. 我們買了旅行所需的一切東西。
________________________________________________________________________________
2. 他們似乎在等待某個重要的人。
________________________________________________________________________________
3. 我在他的信中並無發現異處。
________________________________________________________________________________
4. 你該吃點對健康有益的東西。
________________________________________________________________________________
5. 在選美比賽中，我看不到胖子。
________________________________________________________________________________
* 表示比較的倍數詞句型有三種：
倍數詞 + 比較級 + than ...
倍數詞 + as + adj. (+ N) + as ...
倍數詞 + the + N + of ...
【補充練習】
1. 這個箱子是那個箱子的四倍大。
_______________________________________________________________________________
2. 這本書是那本書的三倍厚。
_______________________________________________________________________________
3. 我的郵票是你的十倍多。
_______________________________________________________________________________
4. 新電腦處理資料的速度比以前快兩倍。
_______________________________________________________________________________
5. 外套的價格是裙子的五倍。
_______________________________________________________________________________
模擬生物學（Biomimicry）的定義是 “a new science that studies nature’s models and then imitates or takes inspiration from these designs and processes to solve human problems”
見 http:// www.biomimicry.net/case_studies.html
II. Tell the concepts about the inventions mentioned in the text
1. organ transplants
2. the Wright brothers' airplane
3. George de Mestral's Velcro
4. self-cleaning house paint
5. bulletproof vests and safer bridges
III. Grammar Focus
一般形容詞都放名詞前面，但若修飾複合不定代名詞如nothing, something, everything, anything, someone, anyone, everyone, nobody, somebody, everybody, anybody 則形容詞要緊接在複合不定代名詞之後。
【補充練習】
1. 我們買了旅行所需的一切東西。
________________________________________________________________________________
2. 他們似乎在等待某個重要的人。
________________________________________________________________________________
3. 我在他的信中並無發現異處。
________________________________________________________________________________
4. 你該吃點對健康有益的東西。
________________________________________________________________________________
5. 在選美比賽中，我看不到胖子。
________________________________________________________________________________
* 表示比較的倍數詞句型有三種：
倍數詞 + 比較級 + than ...
倍數詞 + as + adj. (+ N) + as ...
倍數詞 + the + N + of ...
【補充練習】
1. 這個箱子是那個箱子的四倍大。
_______________________________________________________________________________
2. 這本書是那本書的三倍厚。
_______________________________________________________________________________
3. 我的郵票是你的十倍多。
_______________________________________________________________________________
4. 新電腦處理資料的速度比以前快兩倍。
_______________________________________________________________________________
5. 外套的價格是裙子的五倍。
_______________________________________________________________________________
2009年10月9日 星期五
總統：技職體系學生應加強英文
總統：技職體系學生應加強英文
20091009 12:53:09 (google news)
（中央社記者李佳霏台北 9日電）總統馬英九今天表示，技職體系的學生除了要勤練技術，也不要忘記加強英文，將有助擴大求知領域，並符合業界需求。
馬總統上午在總統府接見「國際技能競賽代表團」成員，代表團今年共有42名選手參加37項競賽，獲得4金、8銅、17優勝，總獎牌數僅次於韓國、瑞士與日本，排名第四。
馬總統表示，他的競選政見中有一項是高職免費，協助弱勢學生升學，希望不只減少家庭負擔，也鼓勵學生取得專業證照。
馬總統說，希望透過教育部推出的「技職教育再造方案」，結合國家產業發展，培育具有就業競爭力的專業人才，恢復對技職教育的重視。
總統指出，希望技職體系學生除了勤練技術，行有餘力也不要忘記加強語文，尤其是英文；即使是傳統產業，使用高科技的機會也愈來愈多，學生們必須經常從網路取得新知，「你英文做到至少能夠閱讀，對於將來擴大求知的領域有非常大的幫助」。
總統說，擔任台北市長時推動內湖科學園區與南港軟體園區進行產學合作，業界就提及，技職體系學生包括高職、技術學院與科技大學的語文還有加強的空間。981009
20091009 12:53:09 (google news)
（中央社記者李佳霏台北 9日電）總統馬英九今天表示，技職體系的學生除了要勤練技術，也不要忘記加強英文，將有助擴大求知領域，並符合業界需求。
馬總統上午在總統府接見「國際技能競賽代表團」成員，代表團今年共有42名選手參加37項競賽，獲得4金、8銅、17優勝，總獎牌數僅次於韓國、瑞士與日本，排名第四。
馬總統表示，他的競選政見中有一項是高職免費，協助弱勢學生升學，希望不只減少家庭負擔，也鼓勵學生取得專業證照。
馬總統說，希望透過教育部推出的「技職教育再造方案」，結合國家產業發展，培育具有就業競爭力的專業人才，恢復對技職教育的重視。
總統指出，希望技職體系學生除了勤練技術，行有餘力也不要忘記加強語文，尤其是英文；即使是傳統產業，使用高科技的機會也愈來愈多，學生們必須經常從網路取得新知，「你英文做到至少能夠閱讀，對於將來擴大求知的領域有非常大的幫助」。
總統說，擔任台北市長時推動內湖科學園區與南港軟體園區進行產學合作，業界就提及，技職體系學生包括高職、技術學院與科技大學的語文還有加強的空間。981009
2009年9月30日 星期三
IWiLL Web 2.0 操作步驟
參考網址: http://www.whsh.tc.edu.tw/f2blog/english/index.php?load=read&id=219
IWill 註冊操作手續
1. 請連接http://cube.iwillnow.org/iwill/
2. 在帳號/e-mail處輸入 slhs+學號
3. 在密碼處填入”0000”
4. 接下來的網頁載明權利與義務，請點”agree”
5. 接下來的網頁:
(1) Current password: 請輸入”0000”
(2) New password:請輸入新密碼不能少於六個字
(3) Confirm password: 把新密碼再輸入一次
(4) 再填入e-mail帳號
(5) Second e-mail不用填
(6) Name:填入真實姓名
(7) Nickname不用填
(8) 輸入gender
(9) 填入Date of birth
(10) Nationality找Taiwan
(11) School: slhs
(12) Mother language: 填Chinese
(13) Second language:填English
(14) The language that you want to learn: 隨意挑
(15) Highest education: High school
(16) Occupation:填”學生”
(17) Self-introduction: 可以不用填
(18) 按”finish” 後會出現”你已完成註冊，帳號確認信會寄到你的信箱”
(19) 因為有些信需5-30分鐘才會收到，因此30分鐘後再到信箱收信
(20) 在IWill寄來的信中按照指示連結，連結後輸入帳號和新密碼。
(21) 點選more 到Open My Cube 。
(22) 接下來點選”開啟新的Cube帳號”，不可以點選”已有Cube帳號”
(23) 個人Cube設定：Cube名稱和Cube描述部分隨意填，接下來輸入上方驗證碼，接著點”開啟我的Cube”就完成了。
線上閱讀考試步驟
(1) 到首頁，點選 Reading Challenge閱讀競賽
(2) 點選書單(直接點圖片)
(3) 點選左邊書圖片下方的”加入書櫃”再點”已讀完”
(4) 加入書櫃後，出現一個對話格請點選”下次再寫”
(5) 之後，在書的圖片下方點”進入IWiLL challenge 13
(6) 開始挑戰。
引用通告地址: http://www.whsh.tc.edu.tw/f2blog/english/trackback.php?tbID=219&extra=c7889b
IWill 註冊操作手續
1. 請連接http://cube.iwillnow.org/iwill/
2. 在帳號/e-mail處輸入 slhs+學號
3. 在密碼處填入”0000”
4. 接下來的網頁載明權利與義務，請點”agree”
5. 接下來的網頁:
(1) Current password: 請輸入”0000”
(2) New password:請輸入新密碼不能少於六個字
(3) Confirm password: 把新密碼再輸入一次
(4) 再填入e-mail帳號
(5) Second e-mail不用填
(6) Name:填入真實姓名
(7) Nickname不用填
(8) 輸入gender
(9) 填入Date of birth
(10) Nationality找Taiwan
(11) School: slhs
(12) Mother language: 填Chinese
(13) Second language:填English
(14) The language that you want to learn: 隨意挑
(15) Highest education: High school
(16) Occupation:填”學生”
(17) Self-introduction: 可以不用填
(18) 按”finish” 後會出現”你已完成註冊，帳號確認信會寄到你的信箱”
(19) 因為有些信需5-30分鐘才會收到，因此30分鐘後再到信箱收信
(20) 在IWill寄來的信中按照指示連結，連結後輸入帳號和新密碼。
(21) 點選more 到Open My Cube 。
(22) 接下來點選”開啟新的Cube帳號”，不可以點選”已有Cube帳號”
(23) 個人Cube設定：Cube名稱和Cube描述部分隨意填，接下來輸入上方驗證碼，接著點”開啟我的Cube”就完成了。
線上閱讀考試步驟
(1) 到首頁，點選 Reading Challenge閱讀競賽
(2) 點選書單(直接點圖片)
(3) 點選左邊書圖片下方的”加入書櫃”再點”已讀完”
(4) 加入書櫃後，出現一個對話格請點選”下次再寫”
(5) 之後，在書的圖片下方點”進入IWiLL challenge 13
(6) 開始挑戰。
引用通告地址: http://www.whsh.tc.edu.tw/f2blog/english/trackback.php?tbID=219&extra=c7889b
2009年9月29日 星期二
Fables
In almost every culture, one of the oldest forms of literature is fables. Fables are short, simple stories that teach us lessons. These lessons, called morals, are usually serious points about how to behave in the world.
Today we are going to learn a famous fable writer, named James Thurber (1894-1961). After understanding his background, the next step for us is to read one of his works.
Citing from Amazon.com (http://www.kirjasto.sci.fi/thurber.htm), James Thurber is an American writer and cartoonist, who tended to deal with the frustrations of modern world. Thurber's best-known characters are Walter Mitty, his snarling wife and silently observing animals. His stories have influenced later writers, such as Kurt Vonnegut and Joseph Heller. Thurber is generally acknowledged as the greatest American humorist since Mark Twain (1835-1910).
See the example below and will know the irocial humor of James Thurber.
Then, go to read other fables that may interest you.
http://www.ivyjoy.com/fables/
Today we are going to learn a famous fable writer, named James Thurber (1894-1961). After understanding his background, the next step for us is to read one of his works.
Citing from Amazon.com (http://www.kirjasto.sci.fi/thurber.htm), James Thurber is an American writer and cartoonist, who tended to deal with the frustrations of modern world. Thurber's best-known characters are Walter Mitty, his snarling wife and silently observing animals. His stories have influenced later writers, such as Kurt Vonnegut and Joseph Heller. Thurber is generally acknowledged as the greatest American humorist since Mark Twain (1835-1910).
See the example below and will know the irocial humor of James Thurber.
Then, go to read other fables that may interest you.
http://www.ivyjoy.com/fables/
2009年9月24日 星期四
2009年9月22日 星期二
A Sample of Your Report
Dear all,
After reading your reports, I think at least I need to teach you to write a report. Although the content of the paper is important, but the format makes people know whetehr you are professional. That is, having a correct, formal format is the basic requirement.
Please take a look at the following papers in Chinese and in English. Let me know if you have any question.
2009年9月20日 星期日
Ways to Find Happiness in the Stressed Life
We, including you and me, are living in the world full of so much competition, pressure, depression, loneliness, and sadness that we can hardly imagine. So it is natural that a part of our mind tends to carry a tinge of sadness or negative emotion. The following are the ways to happiness. So, let's take a look and see if they work!
• First of all, the attitude is important. That is, you must be mentally ready to strive for happiness as much as possible, irrespective of what is happening in your life daily. So, before going to bed today, take few minutes to reach a resolution that you are going to be happy to the best extent possible from tomorrow onwards and repeat the vow daily. Once it becomes a habit, your mind automatically tunes itself to tread the happier line.
• A hearty smile is the best symptom of a happy mind. It not only makes you feel better but also sets the tone for the rest of the day, as others also will feel welcomed to come and talk to you. So, learn to smile at will.
• An idle mind is devil's workshop. Hence, always make it a point to be in the company of your friends or involve yourself in some activities that keeps you engaged. Don't let your mind wander idle.
• Be happy at what you are, even if you are ambitious. Ambition must be the drive to achieve something, and not a handle for disappointment, especially in case if you are not reaching your targets quickly. Misses and losses can happen in anybody’s life. In such moments when you might be feeling low, take few minutes to write down the things you have or you are proud of and not many others have the luck to own. Once you do that, things will start to calm down and you will start to feel better.
• Always look for the silver lining at the moment of despair. Make it a habit to view the positives over negatives and hope for the best. Heard of the adage ‘hope sees the invisible, feels the intangible and achieves the impossible’?
To sum it up, in order to be happy, the effort must start right from one's own heart.
So, next morning, when you wake up, make sure there is a broad smile originating on your lips and a strong resolve in your heart to seek happiness. Very soon you'll realize that how substantially this little change of character is going to transform your life!
Source: e-book: http://ezinearticles.com/?5-Tops-Ways-to-Happiness&id=285585
• First of all, the attitude is important. That is, you must be mentally ready to strive for happiness as much as possible, irrespective of what is happening in your life daily. So, before going to bed today, take few minutes to reach a resolution that you are going to be happy to the best extent possible from tomorrow onwards and repeat the vow daily. Once it becomes a habit, your mind automatically tunes itself to tread the happier line.
• A hearty smile is the best symptom of a happy mind. It not only makes you feel better but also sets the tone for the rest of the day, as others also will feel welcomed to come and talk to you. So, learn to smile at will.
• An idle mind is devil's workshop. Hence, always make it a point to be in the company of your friends or involve yourself in some activities that keeps you engaged. Don't let your mind wander idle.
• Be happy at what you are, even if you are ambitious. Ambition must be the drive to achieve something, and not a handle for disappointment, especially in case if you are not reaching your targets quickly. Misses and losses can happen in anybody’s life. In such moments when you might be feeling low, take few minutes to write down the things you have or you are proud of and not many others have the luck to own. Once you do that, things will start to calm down and you will start to feel better.
• Always look for the silver lining at the moment of despair. Make it a habit to view the positives over negatives and hope for the best. Heard of the adage ‘hope sees the invisible, feels the intangible and achieves the impossible’?
To sum it up, in order to be happy, the effort must start right from one's own heart.
So, next morning, when you wake up, make sure there is a broad smile originating on your lips and a strong resolve in your heart to seek happiness. Very soon you'll realize that how substantially this little change of character is going to transform your life!
Source: e-book: http://ezinearticles.com/?5-Tops-Ways-to-Happiness&id=285585
2009年9月17日 星期四
How to Report on Musicians
Dear all,
I am excited to listen to your report on Friday since you haven't had one this semester.
As I mentioned before, it is a rare opportunity to ask so many fellow students to watch your show, so cherish each time of presentation especially when we do not have much time spending on it.
Are you ready?
Steps on doing your presentation:
1. Decide which musician you are going to report (Avoid introducing the same musician as the one that the other groups do.
2. Once you decide the musician, find the information either in Chinese or in English and read it. (Do not forget to digest it and use your words to retell the part that you think is important.)
3. Tell some stories about the musician.
4. Give the photos of the musician.
5. Play some music the musician composed. You may introduce the background of the piece of music.
Tips on giving a report:
1. Know the audience’s needs, interests, and hopes.
2. Strike the appropriate tone right from the beginning.
3. Support generalizations with specific and realistic examples.
4. Keep a fast pace.
5. Paint verbal pictures.
6. Stick to plain language.
7. Make meaningful eye contact.
8. Avoid repetitive gestures and expressions.
Each group has only 5 to 7 minutes.
I am excited to listen to your report on Friday since you haven't had one this semester.
As I mentioned before, it is a rare opportunity to ask so many fellow students to watch your show, so cherish each time of presentation especially when we do not have much time spending on it.
Are you ready?
Steps on doing your presentation:
1. Decide which musician you are going to report (Avoid introducing the same musician as the one that the other groups do.
2. Once you decide the musician, find the information either in Chinese or in English and read it. (Do not forget to digest it and use your words to retell the part that you think is important.)
3. Tell some stories about the musician.
4. Give the photos of the musician.
5. Play some music the musician composed. You may introduce the background of the piece of music.
Tips on giving a report:
1. Know the audience’s needs, interests, and hopes.
2. Strike the appropriate tone right from the beginning.
3. Support generalizations with specific and realistic examples.
4. Keep a fast pace.
5. Paint verbal pictures.
6. Stick to plain language.
7. Make meaningful eye contact.
8. Avoid repetitive gestures and expressions.
Each group has only 5 to 7 minutes.
2009年9月14日 星期一
關代用法整理
重點1. 關係代名詞 + 形容詞子句 (不完整子句)
主格 (who / which = that) + Vt. + O
人 / 物 (先行詞) + 受格 (whom / which = that) + S. + Vt.
所有格 (whose / of which + the) +N〜
重點2. 關代受格(限定用法)的省略
先行詞與關係詞之間若無逗點，其關代受格可省略(形容詞子句中的動詞 無須變化)。
重點3. 強調--> 無論是誰
whoever（= anyone who）
whosever（= anyone whose）
whomever（= anyone whom）
然而，在現代英語中,不論主格或受格都是用whoever，不用whomever。不過，按照規矩使用比較安全，那就是在關係子句裏做主詞者用whoever，做受詞者用whomever。
Examples:
1. Whoever （=Anyone who） quit the job first is a coward.
2. I hate whoever (=anyone who) refuses to do the job.
3. His parents do not allow him to play with whoever is dishonest.
4. Whosever books are overdue will be fined.
重點4 關係子句中有「某人的想法時」(如 think, consider, suppose, believe, imagine, guess, say)
關代主格 (sb. think) + V….
關代受格 (sb. think) to be …
e.g. That is the man whom I guess to be your father.
That is the man who I believe can tell the truth.
You may give the prize to whomever you think to be the best.
He always does what (=the things which) he think is right.
重點 5. few…but 沒有……不
e.g. I've known few persons but make a mistake once in a while.
我已經很少認識偶而不犯錯的人。
翻譯解答
1. The man (who is) sitting under the tree is a scientist.
2. He lost the money that I gave him.
3. These are the books that I read last year.
4. The man who has blond hair is a British man. (The man with blond hair is a British man.)
5. The horse I rode on is a good horse.
6. The glass that my servant broke belongs to Ms Lee’s.
7. The girl I like best is your sister.
8. I will buy everything you need to you. (I will buy whatever you need.)
9. The reason why he did that is obvious.
10. This is the place that I lived in last year. (This is the place where I lived last year.)
主格 (who / which = that) + Vt. + O
人 / 物 (先行詞) + 受格 (whom / which = that) + S. + Vt.
所有格 (whose / of which + the) +N〜
重點2. 關代受格(限定用法)的省略
先行詞與關係詞之間若無逗點，其關代受格可省略(形容詞子句中的動詞 無須變化)。
重點3. 強調--> 無論是誰
whoever（= anyone who）
whosever（= anyone whose）
whomever（= anyone whom）
然而，在現代英語中,不論主格或受格都是用whoever，不用whomever。不過，按照規矩使用比較安全，那就是在關係子句裏做主詞者用whoever，做受詞者用whomever。
Examples:
1. Whoever （=Anyone who） quit the job first is a coward.
2. I hate whoever (=anyone who) refuses to do the job.
3. His parents do not allow him to play with whoever is dishonest.
4. Whosever books are overdue will be fined.
重點4 關係子句中有「某人的想法時」(如 think, consider, suppose, believe, imagine, guess, say)
關代主格 (sb. think) + V….
關代受格 (sb. think) to be …
e.g. That is the man whom I guess to be your father.
That is the man who I believe can tell the truth.
You may give the prize to whomever you think to be the best.
He always does what (=the things which) he think is right.
重點 5. few…but 沒有……不
e.g. I've known few persons but make a mistake once in a while.
我已經很少認識偶而不犯錯的人。
翻譯解答
1. The man (who is) sitting under the tree is a scientist.
2. He lost the money that I gave him.
3. These are the books that I read last year.
4. The man who has blond hair is a British man. (The man with blond hair is a British man.)
5. The horse I rode on is a good horse.
6. The glass that my servant broke belongs to Ms Lee’s.
7. The girl I like best is your sister.
8. I will buy everything you need to you. (I will buy whatever you need.)
9. The reason why he did that is obvious.
10. This is the place that I lived in last year. (This is the place where I lived last year.)
2009年9月12日 星期六
Sounds of Moonlight--Ludwig van Beethoven (Lesson 2)
本課背景及參考資料
1. 貝多芬(Ludwig van Beethoven)竭力為善，愛自由甚於一切，即使為了王座，也永勿欺妄真理。
2. 貝多芬（Beethoven，1770年12月17日—1827年3月26日）是一位集古典主義大成，開浪漫主義先河的歐洲古典音樂作曲家。很多人都認為貝多芬是古往今來最偉大的作曲家。無可否認，他的確是其中最出名和最受愛戴的。
3. 他最著名的作品包括《第三交響曲（英雄）http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GVQtcd0clu4 》、
《第五交響曲（命運http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_4IRMYuE1hI》、
《第六交響曲（田園）http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4dvTG9evYvE 》、
《第九交響曲http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_-mvutiDRvQ 》、
《悲愴奏鳴曲http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_9XEkUHbzGs》和
《月光奏鳴曲http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=O6txOvK-mAk&feature=PlayList&p=BB4F8D349F623BAA&index=0&playnext=1》等等。
4. 其32首鋼琴奏鳴曲，包括《悲愴》和《月光》等被尊為鋼琴的「新約全書」（「舊約全書」為巴赫的《平均律鋼琴曲集》）。
5. 貝多芬的創作通常分為四個時期：
(1) 早期：從他學習音樂創作到32歲前後; 他是一個有才華的作曲家，就像大多數著名音樂家一樣，他創作了許多到今天人們仍覺得很好聽的音樂，同時他的音樂創作能力也很強，寫悲傷寫抒情都不錯。
(2) 盛期：約十年時間; 生活上他耳聾了，但思想上因為受法國大革命的影響，他將大量倫理思想寫進他的音樂中。這一時期的音樂就是典型的貝多芬式的音樂。包括那些主要的交響曲，同早期相比，音樂變得富有思想了。
(3) 衰落：也約十年時間; 貝多芬已經是維也納社會名人，但他的創作卻進入低潮，好像回到了以前一般的音樂家的時代，他個人意志也比較消沉。
(4) 晚期：最後的十年; 在他生命的最後幾年，他突然又創造出了奇蹟。晚期的作品，一部份規模龐大、宏偉壯麗；另一部分卻進入抽象的境地。這時期的作品在音樂家眼裡是寶貝。但由於通常很抽象，不如早期的那樣好聽，一般的聽眾可能難以理解。
Questions to ponder about "Moonlight Sonata"
1. The background of the song?
2. The image of the song?
Source: Youtube
1. 貝多芬(Ludwig van Beethoven)竭力為善，愛自由甚於一切，即使為了王座，也永勿欺妄真理。
2. 貝多芬（Beethoven，1770年12月17日—1827年3月26日）是一位集古典主義大成，開浪漫主義先河的歐洲古典音樂作曲家。很多人都認為貝多芬是古往今來最偉大的作曲家。無可否認，他的確是其中最出名和最受愛戴的。
3. 他最著名的作品包括《第三交響曲（英雄）http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GVQtcd0clu4 》、
《第五交響曲（命運http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_4IRMYuE1hI》、
《第六交響曲（田園）http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4dvTG9evYvE 》、
《第九交響曲http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_-mvutiDRvQ 》、
《悲愴奏鳴曲http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_9XEkUHbzGs》和
《月光奏鳴曲http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=O6txOvK-mAk&feature=PlayList&p=BB4F8D349F623BAA&index=0&playnext=1》等等。
4. 其32首鋼琴奏鳴曲，包括《悲愴》和《月光》等被尊為鋼琴的「新約全書」（「舊約全書」為巴赫的《平均律鋼琴曲集》）。
5. 貝多芬的創作通常分為四個時期：
(1) 早期：從他學習音樂創作到32歲前後; 他是一個有才華的作曲家，就像大多數著名音樂家一樣，他創作了許多到今天人們仍覺得很好聽的音樂，同時他的音樂創作能力也很強，寫悲傷寫抒情都不錯。
(2) 盛期：約十年時間; 生活上他耳聾了，但思想上因為受法國大革命的影響，他將大量倫理思想寫進他的音樂中。這一時期的音樂就是典型的貝多芬式的音樂。包括那些主要的交響曲，同早期相比，音樂變得富有思想了。
(3) 衰落：也約十年時間; 貝多芬已經是維也納社會名人，但他的創作卻進入低潮，好像回到了以前一般的音樂家的時代，他個人意志也比較消沉。
(4) 晚期：最後的十年; 在他生命的最後幾年，他突然又創造出了奇蹟。晚期的作品，一部份規模龐大、宏偉壯麗；另一部分卻進入抽象的境地。這時期的作品在音樂家眼裡是寶貝。但由於通常很抽象，不如早期的那樣好聽，一般的聽眾可能難以理解。
Questions to ponder about "Moonlight Sonata"
1. The background of the song?
2. The image of the song?
Source: Youtube
2009年9月6日 星期日
Taiwan Needs the Deaflympics Spirit
聽奧五十公尺仰泳紀錄保持人曾紓寧說：「我從來不向命運低頭，即使出生就聽不見」，就是聽奧精神，也是台灣精神。
(資料來源：2009 台北聽障奧林匹克運動會官方網站)
Background Information:
國際奧會有4個奧運家族（Olympic Family）：奧運、聽障奧運、殘障奧運、特殊奧運。其中，聽障奧林匹克運動會（Deaflympics，簡稱聽障奧運）的前身是世界聾人運動會（Deaf World Games），始辦於1924年，為全球最早舉辦的身心障礙類運動會，每4年舉辦夏季聽障奧運會，迄今已舉辦過20屆，2009年將在台北進行第21屆競賽。
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One of the major IOC-sanctioned sporting events, the Deaflympics will be taking place in Taipei this year. In occasion of this international sport event, Taipei City Government RDEC Chairman and Taipei Deaflympics Organising Committee CEO Dr. Emile C.J. Sheng has expressed that we need to let the world know about the Taipei Deaflympics and let the people of Taiwan know about the Deaflympics spirit.
Dr Sheng states that the Deaflympics is not just a sporting competition; all of the participating athletes have some form of hearing disability, and each one of them come with a unique story of how they overcame their obstacles and made it to where they are today; we can all learn from their stories.
Dr. Sheng gives as an example one of the star athletes of the Chinese Taipei delegation, An Ching-Lung. Mr. An lost his hearing at the age of 10 due to fever; he originally wanted to become a car mechanic, but because of his hearing disability, he couldn't even tell the sound an engine makes. In the end, he had to abandon his dream.
Mr. An, though, did not yield to the setback; he later decided to become an athlete. People with hearing disabilities usually have poor sense of balance, but Mr. An, through perseverance, was able to clear the obstacles and finally shine on the sport field. He won 10 gold medals at the Rome Deaflympics, and later won the silver in Melbourne.
Dr. Sheng points out that this is a fine example of the Deaflympics spirit, and that this spirit is exactly what Taiwan, which is suffering from an economic recession right now, needs in order to break out from the current situation.
In preparation for the Games, the Taipei Municipal Stadium, which will serve both as the location for the opening ceremony and as the main venue, is currently undergoing renovation. Dr. Sheng says that in occasion of the Games, Taipei City Government will be holding a series of events beginning in March, starting with the revealing event for the theme song of this year's Deaflympics.
In May, there will be a building art exhibition and parade; in August, artists including the Blue Man Group and the famous Chinese deaf performance group “Thousand-Hand Guanyin” will be performing. There is a lot to look forward to before this year's Deaflympics!
資料來源Youtube: 2009聽障奧運在台北 Deaflympics Taipei 2009 - 千手觀音
(資料來源：2009 台北聽障奧林匹克運動會官方網站)
Background Information:
國際奧會有4個奧運家族（Olympic Family）：奧運、聽障奧運、殘障奧運、特殊奧運。其中，聽障奧林匹克運動會（Deaflympics，簡稱聽障奧運）的前身是世界聾人運動會（Deaf World Games），始辦於1924年，為全球最早舉辦的身心障礙類運動會，每4年舉辦夏季聽障奧運會，迄今已舉辦過20屆，2009年將在台北進行第21屆競賽。
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
One of the major IOC-sanctioned sporting events, the Deaflympics will be taking place in Taipei this year. In occasion of this international sport event, Taipei City Government RDEC Chairman and Taipei Deaflympics Organising Committee CEO Dr. Emile C.J. Sheng has expressed that we need to let the world know about the Taipei Deaflympics and let the people of Taiwan know about the Deaflympics spirit.
Dr Sheng states that the Deaflympics is not just a sporting competition; all of the participating athletes have some form of hearing disability, and each one of them come with a unique story of how they overcame their obstacles and made it to where they are today; we can all learn from their stories.
Dr. Sheng gives as an example one of the star athletes of the Chinese Taipei delegation, An Ching-Lung. Mr. An lost his hearing at the age of 10 due to fever; he originally wanted to become a car mechanic, but because of his hearing disability, he couldn't even tell the sound an engine makes. In the end, he had to abandon his dream.
Mr. An, though, did not yield to the setback; he later decided to become an athlete. People with hearing disabilities usually have poor sense of balance, but Mr. An, through perseverance, was able to clear the obstacles and finally shine on the sport field. He won 10 gold medals at the Rome Deaflympics, and later won the silver in Melbourne.
Dr. Sheng points out that this is a fine example of the Deaflympics spirit, and that this spirit is exactly what Taiwan, which is suffering from an economic recession right now, needs in order to break out from the current situation.
In preparation for the Games, the Taipei Municipal Stadium, which will serve both as the location for the opening ceremony and as the main venue, is currently undergoing renovation. Dr. Sheng says that in occasion of the Games, Taipei City Government will be holding a series of events beginning in March, starting with the revealing event for the theme song of this year's Deaflympics.
In May, there will be a building art exhibition and parade; in August, artists including the Blue Man Group and the famous Chinese deaf performance group “Thousand-Hand Guanyin” will be performing. There is a lot to look forward to before this year's Deaflympics!
資料來源Youtube: 2009聽障奧運在台北 Deaflympics Taipei 2009 - 千手觀音
2009年9月4日 星期五
Lesson 1 General MacArthur
美國小孩的作品
Questions to ponder:
1. Who is Douglas MacArthur?
2. What do you think of MacArthur?
3. Why is he important in history?
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