關代用法整理

重點1. 關係代名詞 + 形容詞子句 (不完整子句)

                               主格 (who / which = that)    + Vt. + O
人 / 物 (先行詞) + 受格 (whom / which = that) + S. + Vt.
                              所有格 (whose / of which + the) +N〜

重點2. 關代受格(限定用法)的省略
先行詞與關係詞之間若無逗點，其關代受格可省略(形容詞子句中的動詞 無須變化)。

重點3. 強調--> 無論是誰
whoever（= anyone who）
whosever（= anyone whose）
whomever（= anyone whom）

然而，在現代英語中,不論主格或受格都是用whoever，不用whomever。不過，按照規矩使用比較安全，那就是在關係子句裏做主詞者用whoever，做受詞者用whomever。

Examples:
1. Whoever （=Anyone who） quit the job first is a coward.
2. I hate whoever (=anyone who) refuses to do the job.
3. His parents do not allow him to play with whoever is dishonest.
4. Whosever books are overdue will be fined.

重點4 關係子句中有「某人的想法時」(如 think, consider, suppose, believe, imagine, guess, say)

關代主格 (sb. think) + V….
關代受格 (sb. think) to be …

e.g. That is the man whom I guess to be your father.
That is the man who I believe can tell the truth.
You may give the prize to whomever you think to be the best.
He always does what (=the things which) he think is right.

重點 5. few…but 沒有……不

e.g. I've known few persons but make a mistake once in a while.
我已經很少認識偶而不犯錯的人。

翻譯解答
1. The man (who is) sitting under the tree is a scientist.

2. He lost the money that I gave him.

3. These are the books that I read last year.

4. The man who has blond hair is a British man. (The man with blond hair is a British man.)

5. The horse I rode on is a good horse.

6. The glass that my servant broke belongs to Ms Lee’s.

7. The girl I like best is your sister.

8. I will buy everything you need to you. (I will buy whatever you need.)

9. The reason why he did that is obvious.

10. This is the place that I lived in last year. (This is the place where I lived last year.)