2010年10月30日 星期六

L6 Handling Stress

課文重點分析
1. Perhaps so, but it is quite true. (見第1行)
(1) 這裡的 so 是指前面所提的「生活中少不了壓力讓人感到驚訝」的這件事。避免重複,故以 so 來代。
(2) 這裡的 it 是指 You need stress in your life.

2. A major challenge in this stress-filled world of today is to make the stress in your life work for you instead of against you.(見第5行)
(1) stress-filled 複合形容詞,修飾後面的 world。
(2) make為使役動詞,因此後面受詞動作為主動時接原形動詞work。
文法/句型
make + 受詞 + 原V(受詞主動動作)
My cousin made me do his math homework for him yesterday because he's bad at math.
make + 受詞 + V-p.p.(受詞被動動作)
With my poor English, I found it hard to make myself understood in the U.S.
be made + to V(主詞被動動作)
When we were young, my brother and I were made to do the dishes every evening.
(3) instead of 當「而不是……」解。
例:He stayed home instead of going out and fooling around with his friends.
 = He didn't go out and fool around with his friends; he stayed home instead.

3. So personal, in fact, that what may be relaxing to one person may be stressful to another.(見第10行)
=In fact, it is so personal that what may be relaxing to one person may be stressful to another.

4. ..., physical stress from work or exercise is not likely to cause such ailments.(見第17行)
(1) S + be (not) likely to + V ....
= It + be (not) likely that ....
看起來(不)會……;可能(不)會……;似乎(不)……的
例:It's likely to rain this afternoon.
  = It's likely that it will rain this afternoon.

5. Hans Selye, M.D., a recognized expert in the field, has defined stress as a "non-specific response of the body to a demand.(見第20行)
(1) M. D = Doctor of Medicine
(2) define ... as ... 定義……為……
文法/句型
accept/describe ... as ... 接受/描述……為/是……
diagnose ... as ... 診斷……為/是……
know/recognize/think of ... as ... 認為……是……
label/refer to ... as ... 稱……是……
treat ... as ... 把……當作……對/看待
use ... as ... 把……當作……使用
view ... as ... 把……視為……
(3) non-specific 非特定的 non-有not的意思
例:non-alcoholic(指飲料)無酒精成份的
  non-restrictive(指關係子句)非限定的
  non-smoking 禁煙的
  non-standard 不標準的;不合規格的
  non-stop adj.直達的;中途不停的 adv. 直達地;中途不停地
non-smoker n.不抽煙的人
(4) response to ... 對……的回應/回答;反應
例:I still haven't received any response to my inquiry.

6. Recognizing the early signs of distress and then doing something about them can make an important difference in the quality of your life, ....(見第25行)
(1) "Recognizing ... them" 動名詞當主詞用。
(2) do something about ... 想辦法(做)……
例:Would you please do something about it?
(3) quality of life 生活品質
standard of living 生活水準
例:A high standard of living doesn't always mean a high quality of life.

7. When stress does occur, it is important to recognize and deal with it.(見第28行)
(1) does當「真的;確實;的確」,亦可用 really 代替,但若用 really,要注意時式的變化。
例:He did come yesterday.
  = He really came yesterday.
(2) deal with處理,同義字詞:handle、cope with。
例:Just tell me how you are going to deal with the matter.

8. As you begin to understand more about how stress affects you as an individual, you will come up with your own ideas of helping to ease the tensions.(見第29行)
(1)第一個 as 是連接詞,作「當……」,第二個 as 則為介系詞,當「作為……」
例:He came in as I was talking to her.
  As a student, I feel that I should spend more time on my studies.
(2) how ... an individual 是一名詞子句(間接問句),當 about 的受詞
(3) come up with 提出……;想出……

9. Physical exercise will relieve that "uptight"feeling, relax you, and turn the frowns into smiles.(見第37行)
(1) turn (sb./sth.) into ... 把(某人/某物)變成……
例:In a flash, the monster turned into a handsome man.
(2) turn the frowns into smiles 眉開眼笑
例:After hearing so many jokes, finally our frowns were turned into smiles.

10. Learn to accept what is---for now--until such time when you can change it.(見第51行)
(1) when you can change it 此為關係副詞 when 所引導的子句修飾前面的 such time。

11. If you are irritable and tense from lack of sleep or if you are not eating correctly, you will have less ability to deal with stressful situations.(見第54行)
(1) from lack of 由於缺乏…… = for lack of, through lack of。
例:The club had to close down due to a lack of funds.
lack n. [U, sing.] 缺乏;不足;沒有v. [T, I] 缺乏
lacking adj. 缺乏的;不足的
due to/for/from lack of ... 缺少……
例:The class trip was cancelled due to lack of interest.
(2) have the/every ability to V 有能力做……
例:I believe he has the ability to take the responsibility.

12. If stress repeatedly keeps you from sleeping, you should ask your doctor for help.(見第56行)
(1) keep ... from V-ing 使無法……
例:The heavy rain kept us from having a picnic in the park.
(2) ask ... for help 求助於……
例:Since I am new in this city, I will have to ask the police for help.

13. Schedule time for both work and recreation. (見第58行)
(1)schedule v.將……列入時間表,常用在被動句型 n. 進度表;日程表;行程表
sth. be scheduled for + 時間
例:The meeting is scheduled for next Tuesday.
sb./sth. be scheduled to V
例:I'm scheduled to arrive in Taipei at three o'clock tomorrow morning.
behind schedule 進度落後
ahead of schedule 進度超前
on schedule 按進度;準時
例:Don't worry. Everything is on schedule.

14. ...; you need a break from your daily routine to just relax and have fun.(見第59行)
(1) daily routine 每日的例行公事、工作

15. One way to keep from getting bored, sad, and lonely is to go where it's all happening.(見第61行)
(1)keep from V-ing/N 避開……;克制……
例:I just couldn't keep from laughing when she told me what had happened on her way home.

16. Instead of feeling sorry for yourself, get involved and become a participant.(見第63行)
(1) feel sorry for oneself 自哀自怨
例:John often feels sorry for himself, and that's why he is not happy.
(2) get involved 參與;介入
get involved with + 人
get involved in + 事件
例:Try to get involved with the people around you once in a while.
  I never thought that you'd have gotten involved in such an event.

17. You will be on your way to making new friends and enjoying new activities.(見第67行)
(1) be on one's/the way to + V-ing 在進行中;接近
例:The couple are on their way to solving their marital problems.
be on the/its way (某事)即將來臨,即將發生
例:The government fears a recession is on the way.
on one's/the way home/to +地方 在……的路上
例:On the way home I bumped into my ex-girlfriend.
  I ran out of gas on my way to work this morning.

18. Do other people upset you---particularly when they don't do things your way?(見第75行)
(1) do ... one's way 以某人的方式做……
例:Sometimes we just can't do things our way. We have to respect the needs of other people.

19. Unfortunately, many people try to relax at the same pace that they lead the rest of their lives. (見第100行)
(1) at the same pace以同樣的步調,pace 的搭配介係詞是 at。
pace of life 生活步調
at one's own pace 以自己最(適合)的速度、步調……
keep pace with 與……步調一致;不落後於……
例:The pace of life in the big cities is so fast that many people feel stressed out.
  People can do well at their own pace.
  He works very hard to keep pace with others.
(2) lead ... life 過……生活
例:Since his retirement, Mr. Blair has been leading a quiet life.

20. ..., tune out your worries about time, productivity, and "doing right."You will find satisfaction in just being, without striving. (見第101行)
(1) tune out 忽視
例:Learn to tune out surrounding noise and distractions.
(2) being = existence 存在

21. If the stress in your life seems insurmountable, you may find it beneficial to see a mental health counselor.(見第106行) 虛O.
真O.
(1) S + find it + adj. (for + N) to + V .... 意為「發現做……是……」。
例:I find it wonderful to have someone to talk to.
(2) be beneficial to 有益的;有利的
例:Regular habits are beneficial to our health.

VOCABULARY
I. Words for production
1. at the first/earliest opportunity 儘早 (= as soon as possible)
a golden opportunity 絕佳的機會
Opportunity makes the thief. 勿使人有機可趁(例如財不露白)。
例:My brother said he would teach the rude waiter a lesson at the first opportunity.
  Simon is hoping to leave the meeting at the earliest opportunity.

2. mental age 心智年齡
mental hospital 精神病院
mental illness/disease/disorder 精神疾病
mental state 精神狀態
例:Anyone who is mentally ill should consult a specialist.
  Tom's a thirty-year-old man, but his mental age is only ten.

4. major n. [C] 主修課程;主修……的人 (~ major);(美國陸空軍等)少校;v. [I] 主修
Major League Baseball (美國)職棒大聯盟 (= MLB)
major general (美國陸空軍等)少將 (= Maj. Gen.)
例:There's a major problem with parking in Taipei.
  Alex's major in college was chemical engineering.
  Tina is an English major.
  Major Winters fought bravely in World War II and earned many medals.
  My sister's majoring in computer programming.
  In this town, Buddhists are the majority.

5. personal digital assistant 個人數位助理 (= PDA)
personal organizer 私人記事本;電子記事本
personal pronoun 人稱代名詞
例:A personal organizer can be a small book or a small computer in which you can record information.
  "I," "you," and "they" are all personal pronouns.

6. executive n. [C] 主管人員;adj. 執行的,行政(上)的
execute v. [T] 執行;處死
execution n. [U] 執行;[U, C] 處死,死刑
chief executive officer 總裁,執行長 (= CEO)
the Executive Yuan (中華民國的)行政院
例:They drew up and executed a plan to reduce automobile emissions.
  The plan was really good, but its execution was poor.

8. produce n. [集合稱] 農產品(尤指新鮮蔬果)
increase/improve/raise/boost productivity 提高生產力
be in production 生產中
mass production 量產
production line 生產線,作業線 (= assembly line)
例:Intense competition drives companies to improve their productivity.
Mom always buys fresh produce at the local market.

9. be upset with sb. 生某人的氣
have/get an upset stomach 腸胃不適
例:I'm really upset with Sophia. She stood me up last night.

10. expertly adv. 熟練地;專業地
expertness n. [U] 熟練;專門
expertise n. [U] 專門技術或知識
an expert on/in/at (doing) sth. ……的專家
expertise in (doing) sth. ……的專門技術或知識
例:The play was so expertly performed that I couldn't believe the actors were all college students.
Her business expertise helped her to get the job.
Leonardo da Vinci was an expert in many fields.
He has expertise in running department stores.

12. demanding adj. 要求嚴格的;苛求的;費力的
supply and demand 供給與需求
in demand 有需要的;銷路好的
例:Mrs. Smith is a very demanding teacher.
  Electricity is in greater demand during the summer months.

13. prolong v. [T] 延長;拉長
例:Since we are having such a good time here, we decide to prolong our stay by another week.

14. tensely adv. 緊張地;僵硬地
tense n. [C, U] (文法的)時態
be/get tensed up 變得緊張、不安
例:The boy stood tensely on stage, forgetting all his lines.
  Using the correct verb tense in English is a problem for many students in Taiwan.
  Don't get so tensed up. Take a deep breath and relax.

17. limited adj. 受限的;有限的;缺乏(能力/獨立性/創造性)的
limiting adj. 限制的;妨礙進步的
upper/lower limit 上/下限
within limits 在限度內;適度地
know/learn one's limits了解自己權力的極限
例:My ability to write English is very limited.
  It can be very limiting for a vegetarian to go to an ordinary restaurant.
  I can help you within limits.
  You can't simply spend money without limit.
  We all must learn our limits.

18. irritate v. 使惱怒,使煩躁
irritating adj. 惱人的,令人煩躁的
irritated adj. 感到惱怒的,覺得煩躁的
irritation n. [U] 惱怒,煩躁
例:It really irritates me when my neighbor practices the violin late at night.
  Mosquitoes on a hot summer night can be very irritating.
  He was getting irritated by the little boy's endless questions.
  Paul tried to hide his irritation when his girlfriend was an hour late for their
date.

20. routine adj. 例行的
routinely adv. 例行地
routine check/job/operation 例行檢查/工作/手術
例:There's no problem with your baggage. This is just a routine check.
Airline passengers are routinely checked at customs.

21. participation n. [U] 參加
participate in 參加……
例:All the villagers participated enthusiastically in the traditional religious
ceremony.
Dick's participation in the demonstration worried his wife.

22. cooperative adj. 合作的
in cooperation with 與……合作
例:Tom is a polite and cooperative student.
  The high-tech company worked in close cooperation with the military to develop
new weapons.

23. strain v. [T, I] 使緊張;拉傷,扭傷;努力,竭盡全力
strained adj. 緊張的,擔心的
例:I strained my back the other day when I was moving a heavy chair.
  
24. acute/deep/great/intense anxiety 非常憂慮
be anxious about sth. 擔心某事
be anxious for sb./ sth. 擔心某人;渴望某物
be anxious to do sth. 渴望做某事
例:The people of the city are anxious about water pollution.
We are so anxious for you. If you need any help, just ask.
The actor is anxious to improve his image.
He was very anxious for me to stay, but I had to go home.

26. turmoil n. [U] 混亂,動蕩不安
economic /political/ turmoil 經濟動蕩/政治動亂/
in (a) turmoil 陷入混亂
例:With two major parties fighting against each other, the whole country is in a state of political turmoil.
Hubert stared at his girlfriend, his thoughts in turmoil.

27. tranquil adj. 平靜的;安寧的;平穩的
tranquilize v. [T] 使平靜;使安寧
tranquilizer n. [C] 鎮靜劑,安定劑
例:I really enjoy the tranquil life of the country, and that's why I always go there
when I have a holiday.
  The doctor had to use some medicine to tranquilize the hysterical patient.
  The poor woman has been taking tranquilizers since her only child died.

28. prescription drugs/medication(s) 處方藥
prescription for sth. ……(藥物)的處方
prescribe sb. sth. 開某藥給某人
prescribe ... for ... 開……(藥物)以治療……(疾病)
例:He went to see a doctor to get a prescription for sleeping pills.
The doctor prescribed some drugs for her stomach pains.

29. on temporary display 臨時展出
temporary work/worker 臨時工作/工人
temporary arrangement/measure/solution 臨時安排/措施/解決辦法
例:My father is a temporary worker who goes from one office to another.

30. strategic adj. 戰略的
strategy for doing sth. ……的計劃
strategy to do sth. ……的計劃
例:That city is of great strategic importance, so our army must take it.
The government set up a strategy for cracking down on kidnapping.
We need to come up with a better strategy to attract people to our concert.

IDIOMS AND PHRASES
7. take/have priority over ... 優先於……,比……重要
例:This task is very important, so it should have priority over your other work.

9. first of all 首先,第一
例:There are several things we have to do. First of all, we need to decide who is in charge here.
at first 最初
例:I didn't like her at first, but as I got to know her better, I fell in love with her.
from the (very) first 從最初一開始
例:Monica has been lying to me from the very first; she wasn't actually single when we met.

11. tune in 收聽廣播節目,收看電視節目
例:Thank you for watching the show. Please tune in at the same time tomorrow.
tune in to 轉到……頻道,收看、收聽……節目
例:If you ever tune in to that illegal channel again, I will remove the TV set from your room.
stay tuned 停留同一個頻道,別轉台
例:Stay tuned. We'll be right back after the commercial break.

2010年10月29日 星期五

Clarification of the Questions in Lesson 5

圖片來源網站getpowers.com
1. When Paul was young, he did not know it was an information operator. He thought there was a genie that lived in the box, so he called it "Information Please."


2. Paul did not understand what the operator said when he hurt his finger in the childhood. He said he did not feel comforted. He felt better because he could talk to someone. That was why he did not cry until the operator talked to him.

3. The sentence Sally gave to Paul means when God closes a door, He will open a window for you. That means no matter how difficult he encounters, he still has a hope in life.

2010年10月28日 星期四

Love You

Dear Chris,

我們一起努力面對!我們為我們自己的未來努力, 你要為你自己的身體努力^^

奮鬥! 戰鬥! 堅持到底! 一定要有信心!

You have to believe yourself and say "I will be ok!"

以前的你,無時無刻拼命地付出心血,現在的你,只是需要休息而已!

"休息是為了走更長遠的路"

休息完了,再次迎面世界優,再繼續為自己的人生,紀錄每天生活的點點滴滴^^

Go! Go! Go!

2010年10月26日 星期二

中小學專題式網頁競賽

作品參考: http://210.243.21.2/~creation3/
This is what we will do next semester. Take a look!

臺北市第8屆中小學專題式網頁競賽實施計畫草案
一、辦理目的
(一)鼓勵中小學生以專題研究、團隊合作、實地訪查、調查訪問等方式,探索地方人文與環境,並運用網際網路作為表達溝通的工具。
(二)經由網際網路向全球展現臺北市資訊、環境、鄉土教育與地方采風的成果。
(三)結合教育單位、家庭、地方社區與民間企業共同推動資訊、環境、與鄉土教育。
(四)結合資訊、網路教育的內涵,培養未來新世代與全世界接軌的視野與能力,並藉由競賽的過程,深入關心鄉土環境教育,落實中小學校資訊、網路及本土教育教學。

五、競賽分組
(一)參賽組別
分為國小組、國中組、高中職組等三組。
(二)參賽作品類別
各組隊伍應從下列6大類別主題擇一參賽,書面報名參賽作品類別確定後,不得再行更改:
1.人物領袖:介紹名人或明星,如政治人物、作家、藝術家、演員、企業家,或具有特殊事蹟的人物等。
2.社團企業:介紹社團或特殊族群,如志工、樂團、教會、原住民、外籍配偶等,或是地方企業或組織,如政府機關、商店、大眾運輸、電臺等。
3.觀光資源:介紹當地觀光景點、歷史古蹟,例如旅遊勝地、廟宇古厝、夜市商圈等。
4.特產特色:介紹地方特產特色,如食物、手工藝品、農作物、台灣精品、年節祭典等。
5.體育藝文:介紹地方音樂、戲曲、舞蹈、美術、書畫等藝文活動,或民俗體育、運動或戶外休閒活動的發展現況等。
6.其他議題:介紹環境教育、生態保育或其他教育相關議題。
(三)注意事項:參賽主題需訂定與臺澎金馬本地有關的題材為限,以臺北市相關議題為優先。

六、作品規格
(一)參賽作品以網頁形式呈現,內容得包括網頁、圖片、動畫、影片等,但必須能以網頁瀏覽器讀取。
(二)作品內容至少應包括:
1.專題簡報網頁:包括研究計畫、內容摘要、隊員基本資料等。
2.專題作品網頁:研究主題、研究內容、過程及結果、研究日誌、心得感想等。
以上內容之呈現方式可自行發揮。
(三)作品中不得包含ASP、PHP或其他伺服器端執行程式,並注意不可有電腦病毒。
(四)作品必須燒錄於光碟繳交,且首頁名稱為index.htm;作品總容量不設限,請慎選檔案內容,與主題無關檔案請勿放置於作品光碟中,檔案內容安排將納入評分依據。檔案如未依規定命名而造成作品無法正常瀏覽,或檔案名稱無法辨識者,由各隊自行負責。
(五)作品所有內容均應放置於光碟繳交,不得用超連結方式將資料放置於其他網站。
(六)如違反上述作品規格,由評審視情節情重,酌予扣分。

七、競賽時程
(一)報名時間:
1.請於即日起至12月31日期間,逕至本競賽網站線上填表報名,將報名表(如附件一)列印並完成核章,免備文於12月31日前送達南港高工圖書資訊處(地址:11579臺北市南港區興中路29號,傳真機:27885154);未於規定時間完成報名之隊伍,其作品不予受理。
2.研究過程中,指導老師、隊員、作品名稱如有異動(不含參賽類別之異動),得於2011年2月25日以前,重新填寫報名表並完成核章後,送交南港高工圖書資訊處,逾期不予受理。
(二)作品繳交期限:
1.專人送件:請於2011年2月25日中午12時前,將作品光碟送達南港高工圖書資訊處。
2.郵寄交件:請於2011年2月25日前寄達南港高工圖書資訊處,日期以郵戳為憑。
為維持競賽公平性,逾期交件一律不予受理。
(三)成績公布:預定於2011年4月1日公告成績。

2010年10月24日 星期日

Question about L5

Chris, please help me.  I didn’t figure out the sentence. In line 54, why was it that birds should sing so beautifully and bring joy to whole families, only to end as a heap of feathers feet up, on the bottom of the cage?   Although I read the key poin you wrote, I still didn’t understand the meaning of the sentence. Thank you.

-->Why should birds that sing beautifully and make whole families happy have to die and end up lying with their feet up in the air, on the bottom of the cage?
為什麼能唱出那麼優美歌曲,且帶給全家人快樂的鳥,結果卻變成兩腳朝上的一團羽毛躺在鳥籠底部呢?
the sentence underlined refers to "it" (同位語)

2010年10月22日 星期五

Important Meetings

2010年10月21日 星期四

Answers to the Midterm Exam (Project Learning)

1. What is Project Learning?
Project Learning is a course that offers you a chance to go beyond what you know and to think and incorporate ideas by others, and to submit your integrated papers. To get involved in this course, you will write a detailed study of a subject. Next, you will access the Internet, to check out books from the library, and perhaps to interview several people to discover information or reach a new understanding. Then, to present your integrated works, you will need to polish your writing ability and presentation skill. Lastly, your project will take place in groups. In other words, when you are evaluated, it is largely in relation to your contribution to the project work. Wait! Here is the most important thing: self-studying and asking questions are the major keys. If you don’t study and ask, you will never learn!


2. Why should high school students need to learn Project Learning?
It is a required course whose purpose is to develop students' ability of creation and integration. That is, it helps students to develop the problem-solving ability, to enhance independent learning and cooperative learning attitude, to encourage critical thinking about the world, to integrate what students have learned into works, to build up the skills and requirements of doing research at college or in the future career.  Meanwhile, while doing the research project, students can care about the society and even the world. 
Research Project can be made more enjoyable and productive through individual and cooperative effort. For you, research techniques are a product of experience rather than formal training because this course helps you experience methods of discovery, critical thinking, logical analyses, and problem-solving and even reach the demands of the community.
 
3. The criteria of the introduction of the research paper:
a. Motivation (Background)
b. Research questions (or hypotheses)
c. Methods
d. Purposes
e. Expected findings (hypotheses)