英文能力已經成為求職者進入職場的基本能力﹗yes123求職網調查發現，職場的英文門檻似乎有越來越高的趨勢，目前大約有超過2成的工作職缺要求精通英文，其中，又以行銷企劃和專案管理的職務最重視英文能力，不過，只有近1成5的大學畢業求職者，他們的英文能力是精通，顯示出求職者的英文，無法滿足企業的需求。對此，yes123求職網建議求職者務必要先提升準備好自己的英文能力，才較能贏得工作先機。
(2010/4/30 下午 06:45:33 康紀漢)
2010年4月30日 星期五
2010年4月27日 星期二
Recent Disaster in Taiwan
April 26, 2010 1:40 p.m. EST (by All Headline News)
Ayinde O. Chase - AHN News Editor
Taipei, Taiwan (AHN) - Taiwanese officials are searching for motorists who may have been buried in a landslide Sunday that covered nearly 1,000 feet of highway.
Taiwan's premier has ordered additional manpower and machinery to aid in rescue efforts after a landslide swept several cars off the No.3 Freeway.
Reports indicated that at least two vehicles with one person each might be buried under the rocks. The exact number of missing persons is uncertain, as authorities continue to talk to eyewitnesses and receive phone calls from persons whose relatives are missing. One of the missing is a 55-year-old female taxi driver whose car vanished from the company’s global positioning system almost precisely at the location of the landslide.
The motorists were on the No. 3 Freeway between Taipei and Keelung in northern Taiwan when the earth gave way. It remains unknown what caused the landslide because there wasn't an obvious cause such as earthquake, rain or human activity in the area.
Rescue efforts have not yet found any people or vehicles under the dirt and rocks removed from the buried freeway. Taiwan Area National Freeway Bureau Director General Tseng Ta-jen said efforts to remove the debris is proceeding faster than scheduled, but to completely clear the road could take weeks.
The national freeway bureau estimates 200,000 cubic meters of dirt and rocks poured onto the road in what is regarded as the worst landslide ever on a freeway in the region. Nearly 1,000 people including military personnel are engaged in the search efforts.
Ayinde O. Chase - AHN News Editor
Taipei, Taiwan (AHN) - Taiwanese officials are searching for motorists who may have been buried in a landslide Sunday that covered nearly 1,000 feet of highway.
Taiwan's premier has ordered additional manpower and machinery to aid in rescue efforts after a landslide swept several cars off the No.3 Freeway.
Reports indicated that at least two vehicles with one person each might be buried under the rocks. The exact number of missing persons is uncertain, as authorities continue to talk to eyewitnesses and receive phone calls from persons whose relatives are missing. One of the missing is a 55-year-old female taxi driver whose car vanished from the company’s global positioning system almost precisely at the location of the landslide.
The motorists were on the No. 3 Freeway between Taipei and Keelung in northern Taiwan when the earth gave way. It remains unknown what caused the landslide because there wasn't an obvious cause such as earthquake, rain or human activity in the area.
Rescue efforts have not yet found any people or vehicles under the dirt and rocks removed from the buried freeway. Taiwan Area National Freeway Bureau Director General Tseng Ta-jen said efforts to remove the debris is proceeding faster than scheduled, but to completely clear the road could take weeks.
The national freeway bureau estimates 200,000 cubic meters of dirt and rocks poured onto the road in what is regarded as the worst landslide ever on a freeway in the region. Nearly 1,000 people including military personnel are engaged in the search efforts.
2010年4月26日 星期一
B4L8 Who’s Out There? 外太空有誰在？
補充資料
Text
1. Sixty percent answered yes.（見第2行）
此處的percent不要加”s”。另外，單複數決定在of之後名詞。
例：Forty percent of the students live in Taipei City.
Over 50 percent of the food was provided by foreign aid.
2. Close to 50 percent thought aliens were more intelligent than people on Earth.（見第4行）
close to表「接近」，「幾乎」，與名詞連用。
3. be convinced that + 子句 (或 of + N) 深信……
例
I’m convinced that John is innocent. He never lies, let alone steals.
He was convinced of his own power.
4. 複合形容詞的形成方式：
a. 形容詞 + 名詞-ed
a kind-hearted lady, an old-fashioned hat
b-1. 名詞 + 過去分詞
a heartbroken girl, a snow-covered mountain top
b-2. 名詞 + 現在分詞
a peace-loving person, an English-speaking country
c-1. 形容詞 + 過去分詞
a white-washed fence, a dark-colored spot
c-2. 形容詞 + 現在分詞
a good-looking person, a bad-smelling dish
d-1. 副詞 + 過去分詞
a well-behaved child, a badly-wounded soldier
d-2. 副詞 + 現在分詞
a fast-moving object, a hard-working father
5 冒號 (colon) 的使用目的：
(a) 用來解釋前句 (例：Grandpa has to go to the hospital again: he needs more tests on his heart.)
(b) 用來列舉項目 (例：We have to do more grocery shopping. We need these items: toilet paper, detergent, and shower gel.)
6. The next day, the army changed the story and said that the material was from a weather balloon.（見第20行）
該氣象球其實隸屬於蒙古計畫，是要偵測蘇聯核子活動的，因此被列為高度機密。
The “UFO” debris found by rancher Mac Brazel in 1947 northwest of Roswell, New Mexico, was in fact a remnant of a balloon flight launched as part of a top-secret program called Project Mogul. Its classified purpose was to try to develop a way to monitor possible Soviet nuclear detonations with the use of low-frequency acoustic microphones placed at high altitudes. No other means of monitoring the nuclear activities of a closed country like the USSR was yet available, and the project was given a high priority.
（摘錄自 http://ufoevidence.org/documents/%20doc379.htm)
7. Not until the 1980s was the Roswell incident mentioned again when several stories were published.（見第23行）
Not until ... + V + S 「直到……」否定副詞在句首，主詞動詞要倒裝。
8. Some people said that a spaceship had crashed on some farmland and that three to five alien bodies had been found.（見第24行）
對等連接詞and連接兩個that子句當動詞的受詞時，第一個子句的that可以省略，第二個子句的that則不可以省略。
例：I know (that) he is a nice guy and that he loves you very much.
I told the child (that) it was my responsibility to keep him safe and that I would do everything I could to protect him.
9. On the fiftieth anniversary of the rumors of a spaceship landing, more than 100,000 people gathered in the desert town, where the temperature can reach 110 degrees.（見第33行）
(1) on the fiftieth anniversary of N 在……的五十週年紀念日上
anniversary可用來表示重要事件的週年紀念日，如：結婚、校慶、建國等等，前面的介系詞用on，要強調幾週年要用序數。
例：The U.S. celebrated its 200th anniversary of independence in 1976.
Mr. and Mrs. Chou received a lot of blessings on their fiftieth wedding anniversary last week.
(2) 句中的the desert town指的即是位於美國新墨西哥州的Roswell，因為夠明確，所以where所引導的關係子句為非限定用法，對先行詞town補充相關資訊。非限定的關係子句可由關代who、which或關係副詞when、where來引導。
例：Christmas, which falls on December 25, is a holiday for many people.
Dr. Peterson, who studies plants on the island, is a famous botanist.
Ted’s father was born in 1945, when World War II ended.
The best museum in Taiwan is the National Palace Museum, where you can see many national treasures.
(3) reach = be as high as 高達 此處的reach不可等於arrive in或get to。
例：The property loss caused by a devastating typhoon can reach billions of dollars.
10. They went out in the hot sun to look for the burn mark the spaceship left when it crashed against a rock.（見第35行）
crash against N （失事）撞擊……；（海浪）撞擊……
crash into N 撞上……
例：During the typhoon, a boat crashed against the rocks offshore and sank.
At night, I like to lie in bed and listen to the waves crashing against the shore.
On Sept. 11, 2001, two hijacked commercial planes crashed into the World Trade Center, causing the two buildings to collapse after a great fire.
11. Perhaps this leads them to believe there are beings who are more intelligent than we are.（見第41行）
(1) lead (+O) to +V 誘使(帶領)某人做……的事。
例：The salesperson led me to believe that it was a worthwhile investment.
What led you to leave your hometown?
(2) lead (+O) to + N 通往；導致
例：Hard work leads to success.
Churchill led the British to victory during World War II.
12. Motel owners in Roswell say a quarter of their visitors come to see the alien landing site.（見第46行）
quarter 是「四分之一」，所以文中a quarter of their visitors是四分之一，也就是二成五的旅客。
因為quarter泛指「四分之一」，所以注意以下各數量的表示有所差別：
cut an apple into quarters 一顆蘋果切成四片
three quarters of an hour 四十五分鐘（即四分之三個鐘頭）
a quarter to seven 六點四十五分（差十五分鐘七點）
a quarter after seven 七點十五分
the first/second quarter of the year 該年度的第一／第二季
a quarter = twenty-five cents 二角五分（美、加的貨幣單位）
13. Alien-based movies and television shows feature government cover-ups and alien invasions.（見第49行）
-based 指「以……為基礎」、「以……為主要成分」
corn-based products 以玉米為主要成分的產品
a whisky-based cocktail 以威士忌調製的雞尾酒
an English-based education 英語為主語的教育
an export-based economy 以外銷為主的經濟
14. And the fourth most popular talk show in America is about UFOs and aliens.（見第50行）
the + 序數 + 最高級 + 名詞 第……個最……的……
例：She is the second tallest student in our class. She is 175 centimeters tall.
It was the third most powerful hurricane on record.
15. People want to believe we are not alone in the universe, but no facts prove there is life anywhere else.（見第52行）
else可用於somebody, anybody, nobody, something, anything, nothing, somewhere, anywhere, nowhere之後，意指「其餘的」。
例：Nobody else is willing to help me. Jane is the only one.
It’s unlikely to see this kind of bird anywhere else. It’s indigenous to Australia.
Vocabulary
I. Words for production
1.
opinion poll 輿論調查
carry out/conduct a poll 執行民調
go to the polls 去投票；進行投票
win a victory at the polls 選舉贏得勝利
poll one million votes 贏得一百萬票
2.
intelligence quotient (IQ) 智商
artificial intelligence (AI) 人工智慧
the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) 美國中央情報局
receive intelligence 得到情報
3.
a hostile crowd/society 不友善的群眾／社會
a hostile attitude/mood 敵視的態度／敵對的情緒
hostility to/toward sb. 對某人懷著敵意
hostility between A and B A和B兩者的敵對狀況
4.
governor n. [C] 州長
government employees 公務員
5.
an unidentified source 不願透露身分的消息來源
identify with 認同
ID card (identification/identity card) 身分證
hide/protect one’s identity 隱藏身分
6.
shiny black shoes 發亮的黑皮鞋
shiny red apples 閃閃發亮的紅蘋果
a shiny coin 金光閃閃的錢幣
7.
armed forces 武裝部隊；陸海空三軍
armed robbery 持槍械武器的搶劫事件
be armed with 配備……武器
8.
wedding anniversary 結婚週年紀念
the fiftieth anniversary 五十週年慶
9.
gather v. [I, T] 聚集；集合；收集
gather dust 積灰塵
gather around 集合起來
gather evidence 收集證據
gather information 收集訊息
10.
view A as B 視A為B
in one’s view = in one’s opinion 依……之見
have a fine view 具有良好的視野
11.
a suspicious glance/look 投以懷疑的眼神
a suspicious nature 生性多疑
a suspicious package 可疑的包裹
have a suspicion that ... 懷疑某事
arouse sb.’s suspicion 引起某人的懷疑
a murder suspect 殺人嫌犯
12.
a strong/firm belief 堅定的信念
a growing belief 愈來愈多人相信
Buddhist/Christian beliefs 信奉佛教／基督教
13.
media原為medium的複數形，但是現在意指「大眾媒體」時，後面的動詞可用單數或複數。
the mass media 大眾傳播
news media 新聞媒體
media coverage 媒體報導
例：The media are/is very influential in modern times.
What is newsworthy in one medium may be otherwise in another.
The Internet is now a popular medium for gathering information.
14.
an invasion of cancer cells 癌細胞入侵
invasion of privacy 侵犯隱私
invade sb.’s privacy 侵犯某人隱私
例：The enemy has invaded our country!
Piracy（盜版）is the invasion of intellectual property rights（智慧財產權）.
15.
be skeptical about + N 對……抱持懷疑
growing skepticism 愈來愈懷疑
例：The poll indicates that most people are skeptical about the new policy.
The audience listened to the speech with growing skepticism.
Text
1. Sixty percent answered yes.（見第2行）
此處的percent不要加”s”。另外，單複數決定在of之後名詞。
例：Forty percent of the students live in Taipei City.
Over 50 percent of the food was provided by foreign aid.
2. Close to 50 percent thought aliens were more intelligent than people on Earth.（見第4行）
close to表「接近」，「幾乎」，與名詞連用。
3. be convinced that + 子句 (或 of + N) 深信……
例
I’m convinced that John is innocent. He never lies, let alone steals.
He was convinced of his own power.
4. 複合形容詞的形成方式：
a. 形容詞 + 名詞-ed
a kind-hearted lady, an old-fashioned hat
b-1. 名詞 + 過去分詞
a heartbroken girl, a snow-covered mountain top
b-2. 名詞 + 現在分詞
a peace-loving person, an English-speaking country
c-1. 形容詞 + 過去分詞
a white-washed fence, a dark-colored spot
c-2. 形容詞 + 現在分詞
a good-looking person, a bad-smelling dish
d-1. 副詞 + 過去分詞
a well-behaved child, a badly-wounded soldier
d-2. 副詞 + 現在分詞
a fast-moving object, a hard-working father
5 冒號 (colon) 的使用目的：
(a) 用來解釋前句 (例：Grandpa has to go to the hospital again: he needs more tests on his heart.)
(b) 用來列舉項目 (例：We have to do more grocery shopping. We need these items: toilet paper, detergent, and shower gel.)
6. The next day, the army changed the story and said that the material was from a weather balloon.（見第20行）
該氣象球其實隸屬於蒙古計畫，是要偵測蘇聯核子活動的，因此被列為高度機密。
The “UFO” debris found by rancher Mac Brazel in 1947 northwest of Roswell, New Mexico, was in fact a remnant of a balloon flight launched as part of a top-secret program called Project Mogul. Its classified purpose was to try to develop a way to monitor possible Soviet nuclear detonations with the use of low-frequency acoustic microphones placed at high altitudes. No other means of monitoring the nuclear activities of a closed country like the USSR was yet available, and the project was given a high priority.
（摘錄自 http://ufoevidence.org/documents/%20doc379.htm)
7. Not until the 1980s was the Roswell incident mentioned again when several stories were published.（見第23行）
Not until ... + V + S 「直到……」否定副詞在句首，主詞動詞要倒裝。
8. Some people said that a spaceship had crashed on some farmland and that three to five alien bodies had been found.（見第24行）
對等連接詞and連接兩個that子句當動詞的受詞時，第一個子句的that可以省略，第二個子句的that則不可以省略。
例：I know (that) he is a nice guy and that he loves you very much.
I told the child (that) it was my responsibility to keep him safe and that I would do everything I could to protect him.
9. On the fiftieth anniversary of the rumors of a spaceship landing, more than 100,000 people gathered in the desert town, where the temperature can reach 110 degrees.（見第33行）
(1) on the fiftieth anniversary of N 在……的五十週年紀念日上
anniversary可用來表示重要事件的週年紀念日，如：結婚、校慶、建國等等，前面的介系詞用on，要強調幾週年要用序數。
例：The U.S. celebrated its 200th anniversary of independence in 1976.
Mr. and Mrs. Chou received a lot of blessings on their fiftieth wedding anniversary last week.
(2) 句中的the desert town指的即是位於美國新墨西哥州的Roswell，因為夠明確，所以where所引導的關係子句為非限定用法，對先行詞town補充相關資訊。非限定的關係子句可由關代who、which或關係副詞when、where來引導。
例：Christmas, which falls on December 25, is a holiday for many people.
Dr. Peterson, who studies plants on the island, is a famous botanist.
Ted’s father was born in 1945, when World War II ended.
The best museum in Taiwan is the National Palace Museum, where you can see many national treasures.
(3) reach = be as high as 高達 此處的reach不可等於arrive in或get to。
例：The property loss caused by a devastating typhoon can reach billions of dollars.
10. They went out in the hot sun to look for the burn mark the spaceship left when it crashed against a rock.（見第35行）
crash against N （失事）撞擊……；（海浪）撞擊……
crash into N 撞上……
例：During the typhoon, a boat crashed against the rocks offshore and sank.
At night, I like to lie in bed and listen to the waves crashing against the shore.
On Sept. 11, 2001, two hijacked commercial planes crashed into the World Trade Center, causing the two buildings to collapse after a great fire.
11. Perhaps this leads them to believe there are beings who are more intelligent than we are.（見第41行）
(1) lead (+O) to +V 誘使(帶領)某人做……的事。
例：The salesperson led me to believe that it was a worthwhile investment.
What led you to leave your hometown?
(2) lead (+O) to + N 通往；導致
例：Hard work leads to success.
Churchill led the British to victory during World War II.
12. Motel owners in Roswell say a quarter of their visitors come to see the alien landing site.（見第46行）
quarter 是「四分之一」，所以文中a quarter of their visitors是四分之一，也就是二成五的旅客。
因為quarter泛指「四分之一」，所以注意以下各數量的表示有所差別：
cut an apple into quarters 一顆蘋果切成四片
three quarters of an hour 四十五分鐘（即四分之三個鐘頭）
a quarter to seven 六點四十五分（差十五分鐘七點）
a quarter after seven 七點十五分
the first/second quarter of the year 該年度的第一／第二季
a quarter = twenty-five cents 二角五分（美、加的貨幣單位）
13. Alien-based movies and television shows feature government cover-ups and alien invasions.（見第49行）
-based 指「以……為基礎」、「以……為主要成分」
corn-based products 以玉米為主要成分的產品
a whisky-based cocktail 以威士忌調製的雞尾酒
an English-based education 英語為主語的教育
an export-based economy 以外銷為主的經濟
14. And the fourth most popular talk show in America is about UFOs and aliens.（見第50行）
the + 序數 + 最高級 + 名詞 第……個最……的……
例：She is the second tallest student in our class. She is 175 centimeters tall.
It was the third most powerful hurricane on record.
15. People want to believe we are not alone in the universe, but no facts prove there is life anywhere else.（見第52行）
else可用於somebody, anybody, nobody, something, anything, nothing, somewhere, anywhere, nowhere之後，意指「其餘的」。
例：Nobody else is willing to help me. Jane is the only one.
It’s unlikely to see this kind of bird anywhere else. It’s indigenous to Australia.
Vocabulary
I. Words for production
1.
opinion poll 輿論調查
carry out/conduct a poll 執行民調
go to the polls 去投票；進行投票
win a victory at the polls 選舉贏得勝利
poll one million votes 贏得一百萬票
2.
intelligence quotient (IQ) 智商
artificial intelligence (AI) 人工智慧
the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) 美國中央情報局
receive intelligence 得到情報
3.
a hostile crowd/society 不友善的群眾／社會
a hostile attitude/mood 敵視的態度／敵對的情緒
hostility to/toward sb. 對某人懷著敵意
hostility between A and B A和B兩者的敵對狀況
4.
governor n. [C] 州長
government employees 公務員
5.
an unidentified source 不願透露身分的消息來源
identify with 認同
ID card (identification/identity card) 身分證
hide/protect one’s identity 隱藏身分
6.
shiny black shoes 發亮的黑皮鞋
shiny red apples 閃閃發亮的紅蘋果
a shiny coin 金光閃閃的錢幣
7.
armed forces 武裝部隊；陸海空三軍
armed robbery 持槍械武器的搶劫事件
be armed with 配備……武器
8.
wedding anniversary 結婚週年紀念
the fiftieth anniversary 五十週年慶
9.
gather v. [I, T] 聚集；集合；收集
gather dust 積灰塵
gather around 集合起來
gather evidence 收集證據
gather information 收集訊息
10.
view A as B 視A為B
in one’s view = in one’s opinion 依……之見
have a fine view 具有良好的視野
11.
a suspicious glance/look 投以懷疑的眼神
a suspicious nature 生性多疑
a suspicious package 可疑的包裹
have a suspicion that ... 懷疑某事
arouse sb.’s suspicion 引起某人的懷疑
a murder suspect 殺人嫌犯
12.
a strong/firm belief 堅定的信念
a growing belief 愈來愈多人相信
Buddhist/Christian beliefs 信奉佛教／基督教
13.
media原為medium的複數形，但是現在意指「大眾媒體」時，後面的動詞可用單數或複數。
the mass media 大眾傳播
news media 新聞媒體
media coverage 媒體報導
例：The media are/is very influential in modern times.
What is newsworthy in one medium may be otherwise in another.
The Internet is now a popular medium for gathering information.
14.
an invasion of cancer cells 癌細胞入侵
invasion of privacy 侵犯隱私
invade sb.’s privacy 侵犯某人隱私
例：The enemy has invaded our country!
Piracy（盜版）is the invasion of intellectual property rights（智慧財產權）.
15.
be skeptical about + N 對……抱持懷疑
growing skepticism 愈來愈懷疑
例：The poll indicates that most people are skeptical about the new policy.
The audience listened to the speech with growing skepticism.
2010年4月24日 星期六
I've learned
I've learnt -
that my best friend and I can do anything
or nothing and have the best time.
I've learnt -
that sometimes the people you expect
to kick you when you're down
will be the ones to help you get back up.
I've learnt -
that sometimes when I'm angry
I have the right to be angry,
but that doesn't give me
the right to be cruel.
I've learnt -
that true friendship continues to grow,
even over the longest distance.
Same goes for true love.
I've learnt -
that just because someone doesn't love you
the way you want them to doesn't mean
they don't love you with all they have.
I've learned -
that maturity has more to do withk
what types of experiences you've had
and what you've learned from them
and less to do with how many
birthdays you've celebrated.
I've learned -
that you should never tell a child
their dreams are unlikely or outlandish.
Few things are more humiliating, and
what a tragedy it would bethey believed it.
I've learned -that your family won't always
be there for you. It may seem funny,
but people you aren't related to
can take care of you and love you
and teach you to trust people again.
Families aren't biological.
I've learned -
that no matter how good a friend is,
they're going to hurt youevery once in a while
and you must forgive them for that.
I've learned -
that it isn't always enough
to be forgiven by others.
Sometimes you have
to learnto forgive yourself.
載 http://www.mhsanctuary.com/Healing/learned.htm
that my best friend and I can do anything
or nothing and have the best time.
I've learnt -
that sometimes the people you expect
to kick you when you're down
will be the ones to help you get back up.
I've learnt -
that sometimes when I'm angry
I have the right to be angry,
but that doesn't give me
the right to be cruel.
I've learnt -
that true friendship continues to grow,
even over the longest distance.
Same goes for true love.
I've learnt -
that just because someone doesn't love you
the way you want them to doesn't mean
they don't love you with all they have.
I've learned -
that maturity has more to do withk
what types of experiences you've had
and what you've learned from them
and less to do with how many
birthdays you've celebrated.
I've learned -
that you should never tell a child
their dreams are unlikely or outlandish.
Few things are more humiliating, and
what a tragedy it would bethey believed it.
I've learned -that your family won't always
be there for you. It may seem funny,
but people you aren't related to
can take care of you and love you
and teach you to trust people again.
Families aren't biological.
I've learned -
that no matter how good a friend is,
they're going to hurt youevery once in a while
and you must forgive them for that.
I've learned -
that it isn't always enough
to be forgiven by others.
Sometimes you have
to learnto forgive yourself.
載 http://www.mhsanctuary.com/Healing/learned.htm
2010年4月20日 星期二
數學習作 § 2-2解答
(今天晚自習要收齊 對的打勾)
1. (1)X=6 y=-4
(2)x=4 y=1
(3)x=-1 y=2
(4)x=3 y=-2
(5)x=2 y=3 z=5
(6)x=1 y=1/2 z=3
2.(1) x=5 y=-2
(2) x=1 y=74
(3) 無限多解
(4) 無解
3.(1) a≠6
(2) a=6 b=2
(3) a=6 b≠2
4. (1)x=1 y=2 z=3
(2)x=1/2 y=1/3 z=1
(3) 無解
(4) x=-k y=k z=k
5. 3/5
6. x=10 y=6
7. x=52 y=22 z=7
8. x=-3 y=2 z=3
9. (1)a≠±2 (2) x=0 y=0 z=0
10. (1) 1:-2:3 (2) 2 (3) x=k y=-2k z=3k (k為實數)
1. (1)X=6 y=-4
(2)x=4 y=1
(3)x=-1 y=2
(4)x=3 y=-2
(5)x=2 y=3 z=5
(6)x=1 y=1/2 z=3
2.(1) x=5 y=-2
(2) x=1 y=74
(3) 無限多解
(4) 無解
3.(1) a≠6
(2) a=6 b=2
(3) a=6 b≠2
4. (1)x=1 y=2 z=3
(2)x=1/2 y=1/3 z=1
(3) 無解
(4) x=-k y=k z=k
5. 3/5
6. x=10 y=6
7. x=52 y=22 z=7
8. x=-3 y=2 z=3
9. (1)a≠±2 (2) x=0 y=0 z=0
10. (1) 1:-2:3 (2) 2 (3) x=k y=-2k z=3k (k為實數)
2010年4月19日 星期一
A Little Action Might Change One's Life
I read a story passed by my friend. Although I do not know where it exactly comes from or whether it is true, I totally agree with the message it conveys. In fact, it happened to me many times. Here is the situation. My student in tear felt gratitude about my help and asked me why I treated her so nice and how she could pay in return. I told her that I just did my job as a teacher, and I told her if she has ability one day, she could pass the kind to the one in need. I believe a little action can be a great value in life.
Take a look and enjoy reading it.
One day, when I was a freshman in high school,
I saw a kid from my class was walking home from school.
His name was Kyle.
It looked like he was carrying all of his books.
I thought to myself, 'Why would anyone bring home all his books on a Friday?
He must really be a nerd.'
I had quite a weekend planned (parties and a football game with my friends tomorrow afternoon), so I shrugged my shoulders and went on.
As I was walking, I saw a bunch of kids running toward him.
They ran at him, knocking all his books out of his arms and tripping him so he landed in the dirt.
His glasses went flying, and I saw them land in the grass about ten feet from him..
He looked up and I saw this terrible sadness in his eyes
My heart went out to him. So, I jogged over to him as he crawled around looking for his glasses, and I saw a tear in his eye.
As I handed him his glasses, I said, 'Those guys are jerks.'
They really should get lives.
' He looked at me and said, 'Hey thanks!'
There was a big smile on his face.
It was one of those smiles that showed real gratitude.
I helped him pick up his books, and asked him where he lived.
As it turned out, he lived near me, so I asked him why I had never seen him before.
He said he had gone to private school before now.
I would have never hung out with a private school kid before.
We talked all the way home, and I carried some of his books.
He turned out to be a pretty cool kid.
I asked him if he wanted to play a little football
with my friends
He said yes.
We hung out all weekend and the more I got to know Kyle, the more I liked him, and my friends thought the same of him.
Monday morning came, and there was Kyle with the huge stack of books again.
I stopped him and said, 'Boy, you are gonna really build some serious muscles with this pile of books everyday!
' He just laughed and handed me half the books.
Over the next four years, Kyle and I became best friends..
When we were seniors we began to think about college.
Kyle decided on Georgetown and I was going to Duke.
I knew that we would always be friends, that the miles would never be a problem.
He was going to be a doctor and I was going for business on a football scholarship..
Kyle was valedictorian of our class.
I teased him all the time about being a nerd..
He had to prepare a speech for graduation.
I was so glad it wasn't me having to get up there and speak Graduation day, I saw Kyle.
He looked great.
He was one of those guys that really found himself during high school.
He filled out and actually looked good in glasses.
He had more dates than I had and all the girls loved him.
Boy, sometimes I was jealous!
Today was one of those days.
I could see that he was nervous about his speech.
So, I smacked him on the back and said, 'Hey, big guy, you'll be great!'
He looked at me with one of those looks (the really grateful one) and smiled.
' Thanks,' he said.
As he started his speech, he cleared his throat, and began
'Graduation is a time to thank those who helped you make it through those tough years.
Your parents, your teachers, your siblings, maybe a coach...but mostly your friends...
I am here to tell all of you that being a friend to someone is the best gift you can give them.
I am going to tell you a story.'
I just looked at my friend with disbelief as he told the first day we met.
He had planned to kill himself over the weekend.
He talked of how he had cleaned out his locker so his Mom wouldn't have to do it later and was carrying his stuff home.
He looked hard at me and gave me a little smile.
'Thankfully, I was saved.
My friend saved me from doing the unspeakable..'
I heard the gasp go through the crowd as this handsome, popular boy told us all about his weakest moment.
I saw his Mom and dad looking at me and smiling that same grateful smile.
Not until that moment did I realize it's depth.
Never underestimate the power of your actions..
With one small gesture you can change a person's life. For better or for worse.
God puts us all in each others lives to impact one another in some way. Look for God in others.
'Friends are angels who lift us to our feet when our wings have trouble remembering how to fly.'
There is no beginning or end.. Yesterday is history
Tomorrow is a mystery.
Today is a gift.
It's National Friendship Week. Show your friends how much you care. Send this to everyone you consider a FRIEND.
If it comes back to you, then you'll know you have a circle of friends.
Take a look and enjoy reading it.
One day, when I was a freshman in high school,
I saw a kid from my class was walking home from school.
His name was Kyle.
It looked like he was carrying all of his books.
I thought to myself, 'Why would anyone bring home all his books on a Friday?
He must really be a nerd.'
I had quite a weekend planned (parties and a football game with my friends tomorrow afternoon), so I shrugged my shoulders and went on.
As I was walking, I saw a bunch of kids running toward him.
They ran at him, knocking all his books out of his arms and tripping him so he landed in the dirt.
His glasses went flying, and I saw them land in the grass about ten feet from him..
He looked up and I saw this terrible sadness in his eyes
My heart went out to him. So, I jogged over to him as he crawled around looking for his glasses, and I saw a tear in his eye.
As I handed him his glasses, I said, 'Those guys are jerks.'
They really should get lives.
' He looked at me and said, 'Hey thanks!'
There was a big smile on his face.
It was one of those smiles that showed real gratitude.
I helped him pick up his books, and asked him where he lived.
As it turned out, he lived near me, so I asked him why I had never seen him before.
He said he had gone to private school before now.
I would have never hung out with a private school kid before.
We talked all the way home, and I carried some of his books.
He turned out to be a pretty cool kid.
I asked him if he wanted to play a little football
with my friends
He said yes.
We hung out all weekend and the more I got to know Kyle, the more I liked him, and my friends thought the same of him.
Monday morning came, and there was Kyle with the huge stack of books again.
I stopped him and said, 'Boy, you are gonna really build some serious muscles with this pile of books everyday!
' He just laughed and handed me half the books.
Over the next four years, Kyle and I became best friends..
When we were seniors we began to think about college.
Kyle decided on Georgetown and I was going to Duke.
I knew that we would always be friends, that the miles would never be a problem.
He was going to be a doctor and I was going for business on a football scholarship..
Kyle was valedictorian of our class.
I teased him all the time about being a nerd..
He had to prepare a speech for graduation.
I was so glad it wasn't me having to get up there and speak Graduation day, I saw Kyle.
He looked great.
He was one of those guys that really found himself during high school.
He filled out and actually looked good in glasses.
He had more dates than I had and all the girls loved him.
Boy, sometimes I was jealous!
Today was one of those days.
I could see that he was nervous about his speech.
So, I smacked him on the back and said, 'Hey, big guy, you'll be great!'
He looked at me with one of those looks (the really grateful one) and smiled.
' Thanks,' he said.
As he started his speech, he cleared his throat, and began
'Graduation is a time to thank those who helped you make it through those tough years.
Your parents, your teachers, your siblings, maybe a coach...but mostly your friends...
I am here to tell all of you that being a friend to someone is the best gift you can give them.
I am going to tell you a story.'
I just looked at my friend with disbelief as he told the first day we met.
He had planned to kill himself over the weekend.
He talked of how he had cleaned out his locker so his Mom wouldn't have to do it later and was carrying his stuff home.
He looked hard at me and gave me a little smile.
'Thankfully, I was saved.
My friend saved me from doing the unspeakable..'
I heard the gasp go through the crowd as this handsome, popular boy told us all about his weakest moment.
I saw his Mom and dad looking at me and smiling that same grateful smile.
Not until that moment did I realize it's depth.
Never underestimate the power of your actions..
With one small gesture you can change a person's life. For better or for worse.
God puts us all in each others lives to impact one another in some way. Look for God in others.
'Friends are angels who lift us to our feet when our wings have trouble remembering how to fly.'
There is no beginning or end.. Yesterday is history
Tomorrow is a mystery.
Today is a gift.
It's National Friendship Week. Show your friends how much you care. Send this to everyone you consider a FRIEND.
If it comes back to you, then you'll know you have a circle of friends.
2010年4月18日 星期日
Disaster
Over the course of several eruptions, the volcano ejected a massive 10 cubic km of material, making it the second biggest eruption of the 20th Century.
While volcanic dust is in the upper atmosphere, it can have a profound short-term effect on the global climate, because it blocks out a portion of the sunlight able to reach the ground.
The Mount Pinatubo eruption caused the average global temperature to drop by 0.4-0.5C.
Previous eruptions have been much more deadly. The eruption of the volcano on Krakatoa in Indonesia in 1883 is one of the best known eruptions in relatively recent times, because it occurred after the invention of the telegraph.
Animated guide: Volcanoes
It killed thousands, pulverised two-thirds of the island and drastically altered the ocean floor. But Krakatoa was a mere baby compared with the eruption of Tambora, also in Indonesia, some 68 years earlier.
This was the most powerful eruption in recorded history. Rivers of hot ash rolled down the 4,000m (13,000ft) -high volcano, killing around 10,000 people on the island.
It is thought to have ejected 50 cubic km or more of material and pumped vast amounts of sulphur dioxide into the atmosphere.
The cloud from Tambora caused an unusual chill, lowering global temperatures by an estimated 0.4-0.7C.
In parts of Europe and in North America, 1816 became known as "the year without a summer". Frosts killed off crops in New England and Canada; Europe was also hit badly.
Cultural effects
The event has even left its legacy in technology and the arts.
The volcanic cloud from Tambora is thought to have been responsible for the unusual, yellow-tinged sunsets painted by JMW Turner. And the unseasonable weather trapped Mary Shelley and her husband Percy in Lord Byron's house on Lake Geneva.
To divert his guests, Lord Byron suggested a writing competition, the most notable result of which was Mary Shelley's Frankenstein.
In Europe, the soaring price of oats - which were fed to horses - may have prompted German inventor Karl Drais to invent a horseless form of transport: the velocipede, which was a direct ancestor of the bicycle.
If one ventures even further back in time, to around 70,000 years ago, a massive volcanic eruption may even have threatened the existence of humankind.
The "super-eruption" of Mount Toba on the Indonesian island of Sumatra is thought by some to have caused a six-year long volcanic winter followed by a 1,000-year-long freeze. Super-eruptions are so-called if they eject more than 1,000 cu km (240 cu miles) of material - far more than any event in recorded history.
Toba could have caused a mass die-off of plant life and a famine for animal species. There is evidence of a major "bottleneck" in the DNA of human populations, which means that genetic variation was drastically reduced.
Human bottleneck
Some researchers have calculated that the human population dropped to between 10,000 and 5,000 individuals, pushing Homo sapiens to the brink of extinction.
Some scientists have challenged the link between Toba and the genetic bottleneck. But others think the near extinction of human life may have pushed people to new levels of ingenuity in order to survive; evidence of advanced tool technology and some very early examples of art have been dated to around the time of the Toba super-eruption.
Further back in history of course, massive volcanic episodes have been linked to mass extinctions of life on Earth.
While mass volcanism at the Deccan traps in India was once considered as a cause of the demise of the dinosaurs 65 million years ago, a comet or asteroid is now considered the most likely candidate for wiping out the beasts.
However, recent research suggests that a large bout of volcanic activity some 200 million years ago may have contributed to the dinosaurs' dominance, by wiping out their competitors.
The most severe extinction event in the geological record - the Permian-Triassic mass extinction, 250 million years ago - may also have been caused by the eruption of the Siberian traps.
Super-eruptions, like the one at Toba, Indonesia, still pose a threat. Yellowstone, in the US state of Wyoming, is often referred to as a super-volcano and last erupted 650,000 years ago. Seismologists continue to monitor the changes at Yellowstone, but any future eruption could be hard to predict.
From BBC News Thursday, 15 April 2010 19:18 UK
http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/science/nature/8622520.stm
2010年4月16日 星期五
Assignment for this Week
Dear all,
As to the "Cloze" assignment, you just write the question part (Unit 21, 做閱測), skipping the part of writing. In writing, please write a poem (寫詩) on the weekly journal notebook because we will discuss the strategies of writing next semester. Instead, you have to join the discussion on love (做討論區). Also, prepare for the following test (競試).
Cheers,
Chris
As to the "Cloze" assignment, you just write the question part (Unit 21, 做閱測), skipping the part of writing. In writing, please write a poem (寫詩) on the weekly journal notebook because we will discuss the strategies of writing next semester. Instead, you have to join the discussion on love (做討論區). Also, prepare for the following test (競試).
Cheers,
Chris
2010年4月11日 星期日
Enjoy Singing
Lina invited me to listen to her, while Jessica saw me off the competition place.
I am glad you love singing because singing makes people release the emotion.
At least, I feel it. Now, let's enjoy listening to them!
http://www.wretch.cc/album/show.php?i=amy19930603&b=15&f=1363649416&p=35
I am glad you love singing because singing makes people release the emotion.
At least, I feel it. Now, let's enjoy listening to them!
http://www.wretch.cc/album/show.php?i=amy19930603&b=15&f=1363649416&p=35
2010年4月10日 星期六
B4L7 Tornadoes 龍捲風
課文解析
1. It was a warm spring day when the Newport family began to hear a very loud and faraway sound from their farm in southern Kansas.（見第1行）
(1) 這是the Newport family 所經歷真實悲劇：http://www.tornadoproject.com/stories/stories.htm
(2) faraway adj. 遙遠的 = distant
2. As it came closer, it grew darker and darker.（見第3行）
(1) as 連接詞 = when
但是當談到年齡或生活的階段時，只能用when。
例：When he was young, he never thought about getting married and having a family.
(2) grow在這裡當「變成」解釋，是一個連綴動詞，後面要加形容詞，特別用來表示緩慢和逐漸的變化。
例：My eyes grew tired after working for eight hours on the computer.
3. Trees were being knocked down.（見第5行）
此為過去被動進行式，表示樹一棵一棵接連被吹倒。knock down擊倒
4. As soon as they realized the danger they were facing, the parents rushed their five children into the cellar below the kitchen. （見第5行）
(1) as soon as = the moment = the instant = when 當……
(2) below和under區別：
a. 一般（位置）在……以下時：below和under皆可
例：In Taiwan, many parks are located by a river, below/under a bridge.
b. 水平位置低於……時：below
例：Geographically speaking, Mexico is located below the United States.
c. 完全覆蓋在……的下面時：under
例：Children put red envelopes under their pillows on Chinese New Year’s eve.
5. When the children came out a few minutes later, they found their entire home blown away.（見第7行）
find + O + OC
例：He found his wallet stolen.
I found several girls chatting in the classroom.
6. If they had not been safely protected below the ground, they would surely have died.（見第8行）
這是和過去事實相反的假設語法。
7. Although this tragedy happened years ago, in 1932, similar stories have been told over and over since then about the destructive power of these unpredictable storms.（見第13行）
S + have p.p. + since NP clause (past tense) 自從……
例：She hasn’t eaten anything since yesterday morning.
She has been talking on the phone since she got home.
The villagers have been trapped by a flood since the typhoon arrived.
8. In August 2005, the state of Wisconsin was hit by nearly 30 tornadoes over a period of just six and a half hours.（見第16行）
(1) over prep. 在……的期間內
(2) 關於這一次的龍捲風請參看此網站的報導：
http://www.foxnews.com/story/0,2933,166166,00.html
9. Some years earlier, in May 1996, a far more deadly outbreak of tornadoes in Bangladesh left more than 700 dead and 30,000 injured.（見第19行）
(1) 修飾比較級的副詞，不能用very，而是要用far, more, a lot, a little等。
(2) leave + O + OC 使（某人或某物）處某狀態，此句的dead和injured為受詞補語。
(3) 此網站有此龍捲風簡單的報導：
http://www.blackwell-synergy.com/doi/ abs/10.1111/0033-0124.00121?journalCode= prog
10. Such small tornadoes occur in many places around the world, even in southern Taiwan, where several are usually reported every spring.（見第25行）
where 關係副詞，引導非限定的關係子句，作用並非瞭解先行詞southern Taiwan的必要資訊，而是作為補充之用；where = in which。
11. It is, however, the big tornadoes that receive the most attention.（見第28行）
(1) It is/was ... that .... 此句構為分裂句，可用來強調句子的主詞、受詞及表示地點、時間或原因等的副詞（片語或子句）。此句原為However, the big tornadoes receive the most attention.
12. These bring not only death and destruction, but also stories of strange phenomena--flocks of dead birds dropping out of the sky, chickens still alive but with all of their feathers gone, pieces of straw stuck in trees.（見第29行）
(1) 形容不同的群體有不同的字
a flock of (sheep, goats, birds) 一群（綿羊、山羊、鳥）
a school of (fish) 一群（魚類）
a swarm of (bees, insects) 一群（蜜蜂、昆蟲）
a herd of (land animals, such as cows, deer, elephants etc.) 一群（獸類）
a bunch of (grapes/flowers/keys) 指一串連結在一起的(葡萄、花、鑰匙)
a herd of (cows/ elephants) 指群居動物
a pack of (hounds, wolves or other animals that hunt together) 一群（獵犬、狼或其他一起狩獵的動物）
13. What makes tornadoes so dangerous is not just their great power but also their unpredictable nature.（見第39行）
(1) what 引導名詞子句（What makes tornadoes so dangerous）作為此句的主詞。
(2) not just ... but (also) = not only ... but (also) = not simply ... but (also) = not merely ... but (also)
(3) nature在這裡指的是「（事物的）性質，本質」
例：Investing in the stock market is by nature a risky activity.
14. To better understand tornadoes, scientists have developed special heavy-duty vehicles and weather-monitoring equipment that allow them to make close-up observations of these dangerous storms.（見第47行）
(1) To better understand tornadoes = In order to know tornadoes better
(2) that 引導關係子句。
15. Radar equipment is put on trucks and driven near a tornado, where it records wind speeds and other weather data.（見第53行）
(1) equipment是「裝備」的意思，指「為某種目的而所需的一整套道具、服裝等」，為不可數名詞，量詞要用a piece of。
例：camping equipment 露營設備
sports equipment 體育設備
a new piece of electrical equipment 一件新的電子設備
equip v. [T] 裝備；使有（做……的）能力
equipped adj. 有裝備的；有能力的
例：His experience didn’t equip him for his new job; he had to learn many new things.
(2) where 引導關係子句，意思是in which (this position)。
Vocabulary補充
1. rush v. [T, I] 催促；趕忙
rush n. [sing., U] 匆忙
rush sb. into (doing) sth. 催促某人（做）某事（未經仔細思考）
rush hour 尖峰時間
no rush 不趕時間
make a rush for 匆忙前往，衝向
gold rush 淘金熱
2. tornado n. [C] 龍捲風 (pl. tornados or tornadoes)
【說明】龍捲風也可以用whirlwind或美式口語中的twister這個字。顧名思義，whirlwind就是「旋轉的風」，而twister就像把東西扭緊了一樣，一九九六年好萊塢電影《龍捲風》的英文片名就是Twister。
3. outbreak n. [C] 發生，break out 爆發
outbreak和break out除了用在疾病的爆發，也常用在戰爭、災難等的發生。
4. monitor v. [T] 持續觀察；監視，監聽
monitor n. [C] 監視裝置；螢幕
TV/computer monitor 電視／電腦螢幕
color monitor 彩色螢幕
例：The woman told the police that someone was stalking her and monitoring her phone calls.
5. injury n. [C, U] 傷害；損害
【補充】injure, wound, hurt, bruise, sprain的區別：
injure 對自己或他人肉體上的傷害，通常是無意間造成的
wound 通常指用武器在皮膚上造成傷口或是在戰爭、攻擊中許多人受到波及的狀況。較為正式，多半使用被動語態
hurt同injure，但更強調傷痛本身
bruise 瘀傷
sprain 關節部位的扭傷
6. prone adj. 易於……；很可能
tornado-prone areas 容易發生龍捲風的地區
be prone to sth./to do sth. 有……的傾向，容易……
例：People who spend a lot of time in the sun are prone to skin cancer.
People are prone to lie when they are afraid.
7. Kansas n. 美國的堪薩斯州
堪薩斯州的生活環境舒適、氣候也相當宜人，人口約二百六十五萬人，州名的由來源自印地安語kansa或 kaw，意思是「吹南風的地方之人」，州花是向日葵。堪薩斯州位於美國地理中心，為工商業提供良好的經濟利益，除了是美國經濟成長速度最快的州之一，也是美國高科技工業勞動力所佔比例最高的十個州之一。在農作物方面，堪薩斯州的小麥及牛肉產量居美國之冠。
8. Wisconsin n. 美國的威斯康辛州
「威斯康辛」名稱源自這個地區一條主要河流的印地安語，意思是「水流的匯聚處」。早期來此的礦工都住在礦井裡，或在山坡上挖窯洞為家，就像獾一樣，所以又有「獾州」的別稱。威斯康辛州位於美國北部，州花是紫羅蘭，全國大約有百分之四十的乳酪和百分之二十的奶油來自此地，是全國乳牛擁有量和產奶量最多的州。境內有二個大湖——蘇必略湖和密西根湖，並擁有世界最著名的密西西比河，以秀麗的風景聞名。
9. Bangladesh n. 孟加拉
全名孟加拉人民共和國（People’s Republic of Bangladesh）的孟加拉，位於南亞東北部，是世界上最貧窮的國家之一，人口超過一億，也是全球人口密度最高的國家之一，境內氣候高溫潮濕、河道密布、降雨豐沛。首都為達卡，主要信仰伊斯蘭教，以農業為主要經濟來源，所產黃麻居世界第一位，另還產茶葉、甘蔗、椰子等。
10. radar n. [C, U] 雷達
例：The control tower locates all the planes by radar.
【補充】雷達是利用電波發射器發出無線電波，電波遇到目標物會立即反彈回來，由雷達天線接收後在螢光幕上反應出光點，藉著觀察光點的數目及大小，可以推測目標物的數量、形狀、大小，是一種用來偵測目標物方向、距離、速度及數量的無線電器械。另外，還可以由電波反射的時間來測知目標物的距離，被廣泛應用在航空、航海、軍事、氣象等方面。
11. 和天氣相關的片語及諺語：
• We’ll have to take a raincheck. 改期
• It’s raining cats and dogs. 下傾盆大雨
• He is feeling under the weather. 身體不適；心情不好
• He has his head in the clouds. 幻想；心不在焉
• Her reaction was like a storm in a teacup. 小題大作
• Her show took the audience by storm. 使（觀眾）陶醉；風靡
• It never rains but it pours. 禍不單行
• After a storm comes the calm. 雨過天青；否極泰來
• Every cloud has a silver lining. 否極泰來
1. It was a warm spring day when the Newport family began to hear a very loud and faraway sound from their farm in southern Kansas.（見第1行）
(1) 這是the Newport family 所經歷真實悲劇：http://www.tornadoproject.com/stories/stories.htm
(2) faraway adj. 遙遠的 = distant
2. As it came closer, it grew darker and darker.（見第3行）
(1) as 連接詞 = when
但是當談到年齡或生活的階段時，只能用when。
例：When he was young, he never thought about getting married and having a family.
(2) grow在這裡當「變成」解釋，是一個連綴動詞，後面要加形容詞，特別用來表示緩慢和逐漸的變化。
例：My eyes grew tired after working for eight hours on the computer.
3. Trees were being knocked down.（見第5行）
此為過去被動進行式，表示樹一棵一棵接連被吹倒。knock down擊倒
4. As soon as they realized the danger they were facing, the parents rushed their five children into the cellar below the kitchen. （見第5行）
(1) as soon as = the moment = the instant = when 當……
(2) below和under區別：
a. 一般（位置）在……以下時：below和under皆可
例：In Taiwan, many parks are located by a river, below/under a bridge.
b. 水平位置低於……時：below
例：Geographically speaking, Mexico is located below the United States.
c. 完全覆蓋在……的下面時：under
例：Children put red envelopes under their pillows on Chinese New Year’s eve.
5. When the children came out a few minutes later, they found their entire home blown away.（見第7行）
find + O + OC
例：He found his wallet stolen.
I found several girls chatting in the classroom.
6. If they had not been safely protected below the ground, they would surely have died.（見第8行）
這是和過去事實相反的假設語法。
7. Although this tragedy happened years ago, in 1932, similar stories have been told over and over since then about the destructive power of these unpredictable storms.（見第13行）
S + have p.p. + since NP clause (past tense) 自從……
例：She hasn’t eaten anything since yesterday morning.
She has been talking on the phone since she got home.
The villagers have been trapped by a flood since the typhoon arrived.
8. In August 2005, the state of Wisconsin was hit by nearly 30 tornadoes over a period of just six and a half hours.（見第16行）
(1) over prep. 在……的期間內
(2) 關於這一次的龍捲風請參看此網站的報導：
http://www.foxnews.com/story/0,2933,166166,00.html
9. Some years earlier, in May 1996, a far more deadly outbreak of tornadoes in Bangladesh left more than 700 dead and 30,000 injured.（見第19行）
(1) 修飾比較級的副詞，不能用very，而是要用far, more, a lot, a little等。
(2) leave + O + OC 使（某人或某物）處某狀態，此句的dead和injured為受詞補語。
(3) 此網站有此龍捲風簡單的報導：
http://www.blackwell-synergy.com/doi/ abs/10.1111/0033-0124.00121?journalCode= prog
10. Such small tornadoes occur in many places around the world, even in southern Taiwan, where several are usually reported every spring.（見第25行）
where 關係副詞，引導非限定的關係子句，作用並非瞭解先行詞southern Taiwan的必要資訊，而是作為補充之用；where = in which。
11. It is, however, the big tornadoes that receive the most attention.（見第28行）
(1) It is/was ... that .... 此句構為分裂句，可用來強調句子的主詞、受詞及表示地點、時間或原因等的副詞（片語或子句）。此句原為However, the big tornadoes receive the most attention.
12. These bring not only death and destruction, but also stories of strange phenomena--flocks of dead birds dropping out of the sky, chickens still alive but with all of their feathers gone, pieces of straw stuck in trees.（見第29行）
(1) 形容不同的群體有不同的字
a flock of (sheep, goats, birds) 一群（綿羊、山羊、鳥）
a school of (fish) 一群（魚類）
a swarm of (bees, insects) 一群（蜜蜂、昆蟲）
a herd of (land animals, such as cows, deer, elephants etc.) 一群（獸類）
a bunch of (grapes/flowers/keys) 指一串連結在一起的(葡萄、花、鑰匙)
a herd of (cows/ elephants) 指群居動物
a pack of (hounds, wolves or other animals that hunt together) 一群（獵犬、狼或其他一起狩獵的動物）
13. What makes tornadoes so dangerous is not just their great power but also their unpredictable nature.（見第39行）
(1) what 引導名詞子句（What makes tornadoes so dangerous）作為此句的主詞。
(2) not just ... but (also) = not only ... but (also) = not simply ... but (also) = not merely ... but (also)
(3) nature在這裡指的是「（事物的）性質，本質」
例：Investing in the stock market is by nature a risky activity.
14. To better understand tornadoes, scientists have developed special heavy-duty vehicles and weather-monitoring equipment that allow them to make close-up observations of these dangerous storms.（見第47行）
(1) To better understand tornadoes = In order to know tornadoes better
(2) that 引導關係子句。
15. Radar equipment is put on trucks and driven near a tornado, where it records wind speeds and other weather data.（見第53行）
(1) equipment是「裝備」的意思，指「為某種目的而所需的一整套道具、服裝等」，為不可數名詞，量詞要用a piece of。
例：camping equipment 露營設備
sports equipment 體育設備
a new piece of electrical equipment 一件新的電子設備
equip v. [T] 裝備；使有（做……的）能力
equipped adj. 有裝備的；有能力的
例：His experience didn’t equip him for his new job; he had to learn many new things.
(2) where 引導關係子句，意思是in which (this position)。
Vocabulary補充
1. rush v. [T, I] 催促；趕忙
rush n. [sing., U] 匆忙
rush sb. into (doing) sth. 催促某人（做）某事（未經仔細思考）
rush hour 尖峰時間
no rush 不趕時間
make a rush for 匆忙前往，衝向
gold rush 淘金熱
2. tornado n. [C] 龍捲風 (pl. tornados or tornadoes)
【說明】龍捲風也可以用whirlwind或美式口語中的twister這個字。顧名思義，whirlwind就是「旋轉的風」，而twister就像把東西扭緊了一樣，一九九六年好萊塢電影《龍捲風》的英文片名就是Twister。
3. outbreak n. [C] 發生，break out 爆發
outbreak和break out除了用在疾病的爆發，也常用在戰爭、災難等的發生。
4. monitor v. [T] 持續觀察；監視，監聽
monitor n. [C] 監視裝置；螢幕
TV/computer monitor 電視／電腦螢幕
color monitor 彩色螢幕
例：The woman told the police that someone was stalking her and monitoring her phone calls.
5. injury n. [C, U] 傷害；損害
【補充】injure, wound, hurt, bruise, sprain的區別：
injure 對自己或他人肉體上的傷害，通常是無意間造成的
wound 通常指用武器在皮膚上造成傷口或是在戰爭、攻擊中許多人受到波及的狀況。較為正式，多半使用被動語態
hurt同injure，但更強調傷痛本身
bruise 瘀傷
sprain 關節部位的扭傷
6. prone adj. 易於……；很可能
tornado-prone areas 容易發生龍捲風的地區
be prone to sth./to do sth. 有……的傾向，容易……
例：People who spend a lot of time in the sun are prone to skin cancer.
People are prone to lie when they are afraid.
7. Kansas n. 美國的堪薩斯州
堪薩斯州的生活環境舒適、氣候也相當宜人，人口約二百六十五萬人，州名的由來源自印地安語kansa或 kaw，意思是「吹南風的地方之人」，州花是向日葵。堪薩斯州位於美國地理中心，為工商業提供良好的經濟利益，除了是美國經濟成長速度最快的州之一，也是美國高科技工業勞動力所佔比例最高的十個州之一。在農作物方面，堪薩斯州的小麥及牛肉產量居美國之冠。
8. Wisconsin n. 美國的威斯康辛州
「威斯康辛」名稱源自這個地區一條主要河流的印地安語，意思是「水流的匯聚處」。早期來此的礦工都住在礦井裡，或在山坡上挖窯洞為家，就像獾一樣，所以又有「獾州」的別稱。威斯康辛州位於美國北部，州花是紫羅蘭，全國大約有百分之四十的乳酪和百分之二十的奶油來自此地，是全國乳牛擁有量和產奶量最多的州。境內有二個大湖——蘇必略湖和密西根湖，並擁有世界最著名的密西西比河，以秀麗的風景聞名。
9. Bangladesh n. 孟加拉
全名孟加拉人民共和國（People’s Republic of Bangladesh）的孟加拉，位於南亞東北部，是世界上最貧窮的國家之一，人口超過一億，也是全球人口密度最高的國家之一，境內氣候高溫潮濕、河道密布、降雨豐沛。首都為達卡，主要信仰伊斯蘭教，以農業為主要經濟來源，所產黃麻居世界第一位，另還產茶葉、甘蔗、椰子等。
10. radar n. [C, U] 雷達
例：The control tower locates all the planes by radar.
【補充】雷達是利用電波發射器發出無線電波，電波遇到目標物會立即反彈回來，由雷達天線接收後在螢光幕上反應出光點，藉著觀察光點的數目及大小，可以推測目標物的數量、形狀、大小，是一種用來偵測目標物方向、距離、速度及數量的無線電器械。另外，還可以由電波反射的時間來測知目標物的距離，被廣泛應用在航空、航海、軍事、氣象等方面。
11. 和天氣相關的片語及諺語：
• We’ll have to take a raincheck. 改期
• It’s raining cats and dogs. 下傾盆大雨
• He is feeling under the weather. 身體不適；心情不好
• He has his head in the clouds. 幻想；心不在焉
• Her reaction was like a storm in a teacup. 小題大作
• Her show took the audience by storm. 使（觀眾）陶醉；風靡
• It never rains but it pours. 禍不單行
• After a storm comes the calm. 雨過天青；否極泰來
• Every cloud has a silver lining. 否極泰來
2010年4月7日 星期三
B4L6 愛過方知 Love and Learn: Two Poems
Paraphrasing Two Poems
A paraphrase of “When I Was One-and-Twenty”:
When I was 21 years old, I heard some wise advice. The advice was that I should be generous with money, but not with my heart. In other words, I should not fall in love too easily. I should be generous with my wealth, but I should be careful about making love commitments. But I was too young, so I did not listen to this advice.
When I was 21 years old, I heard still more advice about falling in love. I was told that, when people fall in love, they always have to pay a price. The price they pay is an emotional one. Love brings sadness and regret. Now I am older, and I know from my own experience that all this is true.
A paraphrase of ”Down by the Salley Gardens”:
Walking down the salley gardens, I did meet my girlfriend. When I saw her there, she looked very lovely and graceful. She told me that we should be patient and should let our relationship develop slowly. But I was too young to appreciate her viewpoint. I wanted our relationship to move more quickly.
I met with my girlfriend in a field by the river. She laid her beautiful hand on my shoulder. She told me that I should relax and not take life so seriously. But I was too young to appreciate her viewpoint. And now I am very sad. (It suggests that perhaps he lost his girlfriend because he tried to push her too quickly into a relationship.)
捲捲提供
常用的轉折詞可分類如下： (1) 表示「因此；所以」： therefore、hence、thus、consequently、as a result (2) 表示反義或語氣轉折： however、nevertheless、still、yet、instead、otherwise、on the contrary (3) 表示「而且；此外；再者」： besides、moreover、furthermore、in addition、what’s more (4) 有關說明或解釋： in other words、that is (to say)、namely、for example/instance B. 含有轉折詞的句子有幾種寫法，除了笛卡兒的名句 “I think, therefore I am.” （我思故我在）在標點上有所例外，其餘若單置於一個句子中，則轉折詞前面要用分號。 例：He didn’t feel well. Therefore, he decided to stay home from school. = He didn’t feel well; therefore, he decided to stay home from school. = He didn’t feel well, and therefore he decided to stay home from school.
A paraphrase of “When I Was One-and-Twenty”:
When I was 21 years old, I heard some wise advice. The advice was that I should be generous with money, but not with my heart. In other words, I should not fall in love too easily. I should be generous with my wealth, but I should be careful about making love commitments. But I was too young, so I did not listen to this advice.
When I was 21 years old, I heard still more advice about falling in love. I was told that, when people fall in love, they always have to pay a price. The price they pay is an emotional one. Love brings sadness and regret. Now I am older, and I know from my own experience that all this is true.
A paraphrase of ”Down by the Salley Gardens”:
Walking down the salley gardens, I did meet my girlfriend. When I saw her there, she looked very lovely and graceful. She told me that we should be patient and should let our relationship develop slowly. But I was too young to appreciate her viewpoint. I wanted our relationship to move more quickly.
I met with my girlfriend in a field by the river. She laid her beautiful hand on my shoulder. She told me that I should relax and not take life so seriously. But I was too young to appreciate her viewpoint. And now I am very sad. (It suggests that perhaps he lost his girlfriend because he tried to push her too quickly into a relationship.)
捲捲提供
常用的轉折詞可分類如下： (1) 表示「因此；所以」： therefore、hence、thus、consequently、as a result (2) 表示反義或語氣轉折： however、nevertheless、still、yet、instead、otherwise、on the contrary (3) 表示「而且；此外；再者」： besides、moreover、furthermore、in addition、what’s more (4) 有關說明或解釋： in other words、that is (to say)、namely、for example/instance B. 含有轉折詞的句子有幾種寫法，除了笛卡兒的名句 “I think, therefore I am.” （我思故我在）在標點上有所例外，其餘若單置於一個句子中，則轉折詞前面要用分號。 例：He didn’t feel well. Therefore, he decided to stay home from school. = He didn’t feel well; therefore, he decided to stay home from school. = He didn’t feel well, and therefore he decided to stay home from school.
2010年4月3日 星期六
關於Cloze Unit20
Unit 20 後面有寫作練習
Chris 說把它寫在週記本上喔!
P92有A和B兩大題
只要寫B
B包含3個項目,選一個項目寫段落,其他兩個寫大綱
段落可以參考P93的範例
大綱為芳儀老師教的那個(可以參考寫作引導第八頁)
不懂可以問Chris或髮夾
加油^^
不要忘了上傳culture修訂版及參加討論區
Chris 說把它寫在週記本上喔!
P92有A和B兩大題
只要寫B
B包含3個項目,選一個項目寫段落,其他兩個寫大綱
段落可以參考P93的範例
大綱為芳儀老師教的那個(可以參考寫作引導第八頁)
不懂可以問Chris或髮夾
加油^^
不要忘了上傳culture修訂版及參加討論區
2010年4月2日 星期五
B4L5 Steven Spielberg
課文重點分析
1. One of them, Steven Spielberg, is a household name.（第5行）
(1) Steven Spielberg 是one的同位語，與該名詞地位相同。同位語不僅可以是單字，也可以為短語，以補充說明前面的名詞。
(2) a household name: a very well-known person 家喻戶曉的人物
2. At twelve, he started making his own short films with his dad’s movie camera.（第12行）
at twelve = at age twelve = at the age of twelve
3. At age sixteen, Spielberg made his first feature-length film, Firelight.（第17行）
(1) a feature-length film（標準長片）指的是片長九十分鐘或九十分鐘以上的電影
(2) Firelight《火光》，在文中當受詞同位語，指Spielberg的首部標準長片。
《火光》是一部一百四十分鐘的科幻片，講述UFO擄走某小鎮居民，並攻擊小鎮的故事，劇本由史匹柏撰寫。
4. But never had he felt discouraged.（第22行）
本句為倒裝句型，原句為”But he had never felt discouraged.”
本句的句型是：否定副詞 + 助動詞 + S + V (否定副詞有never, hardly, seldom, rarely, little等。)
5. Instead, he regularly bluffed his way onto the Universal Studios’lot.（第22行）
(1) bluff one’s way onto/into ...: = succeed in doing something by deceiving others 矇混過關
6. He used an empty office as his own while trying to talk producers into looking at his films.（第23行）
(1) while trying ... 為分詞構句，原句可解釋為while he was trying ...。
(2) talk someone into V-ing = persuade someone to V 說服某人做某事
7. His twenty-two-minute film called Amblin? won awards at the Venice and Atlanta film festivals.（?第26行）
Amblin’ 安培林》（1968）：史匹柏決定拍一部能吸引好萊塢製片以及資金的片子，這部電影片只花十天就拍成。二十二分鐘，從頭到尾沒有對白，劇情描述兩個在公路上搭便車的青少年發展出的友情與愛情故事，史匹柏自嘲本片「不過是一部百事可樂廣告片」，然而，本片卻為他在1969年時贏得亞特蘭大及威尼斯影展獎項，影評人與電影業界也開始注意這位年僅二十歲的青年導演。本片還為史匹柏贏得環球電視部的一紙七年合約。
8. At twenty, Spielberg was the youngest director ever to get such a deal.（第29行）
最高級形容詞+ (N) + ever + to V
例：Paul is the shortest boy ever to play basketball on this team.
【補充】最高級形容詞 + (N) + S + 完成式 + ever
例：That is the most ridiculous story I have ever heard in my life.
9. In 1974, Spielberg made his feature film debut with The Sugarland Express.（第31行）
The Sugarland Express《橫衝直撞大逃亡》（1974）：本片改編自一起真實的新聞事件，描述慣竊犯 Clovis 的妻子 Lou-Jean ，因為不滿社福機構把他們的孩子強行送人收養，而以探監為名協助 Clovis 逃獄。史匹柏在本片中把公路追車的場面拍得效果十足、緊張刺激，對於 Clovis 夫婦和人質的個性也刻畫細膩。本片廣獲影評人的好評，但票房不佳。然而，也由於史匹柏在本片中展露精湛的運鏡與特效技巧，使得他順利獲得導演 Jaws 的機會。
10. But audiences were less than thrilled with his efforts. （第33行）
(1) be thrilled with N 因…….而感到高興（興奮、害怕）
(2) less than: not at all 一點也不
11. Spielberg continued his string of hits in 1981 with Raiders of the Lost Ark.（第41行）
(1) string of hits: series of successful films 系列強片
string of: series; a number of related things or events 一連串的；一系列的
(2) Raiders of the Lost Ark《法櫃奇兵》（1981）：《法櫃奇兵》是印地安納瓊斯探險三部曲系列的第一集。Indiana Jones and the Temple of Doom《魔宮傳奇》（1984）及Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade《聖戰奇兵》（1989）。還有電視影集The Young Indiana Jones Chronicles《百勝天龍》，敘述印第安那瓊斯少年時期的故事。
13. The Color Purple was the result.（第47行）
The Color Purple《紫色姊妹花》（1985）：改編自愛麗絲．華克（Alice Walker）的小說，描寫美國南方喬治亞州一位未受教育的黑人女子世蘭（Celie）一生的故事。當年剛拍完E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial以及兩部印第安納瓊斯系列電影的史匹柏，選擇《紫色姊妹花》，可說是全新的題材，為史匹柏的藝術事業留下更成熟的色彩。本片在1986年時獲得奧斯卡11項提名，但很遺憾地全軍覆沒，在當時可說是轟動的媒體話題。
14. Finally, in 1993, Spielberg’s heartbreaking film Schindler’s List earned him an Academy Award for best director.（第51行）
Schindle’s List《辛德勒的名單》（1993）：《辛德勒的名單》是真人真事改編的電影，描述Oskar Schindler（奧斯卡．辛德勒）在二次世界大戰期間保護一千兩百名猶太人免於法西斯殺害的歷史事件。《辛德勒的名單》以黑白為基調，利用大量的手持攝影機方式拍攝，呈現了紀錄片般的風格，是史匹柏反省歷史浩劫、展現人道關懷的代表作。本片獲得奧斯卡十二項提名，並奪得最佳影片、最佳導演、最佳改編劇本、最佳藝術指導、最佳攝影、最佳剪輯、最佳原著音樂等七項大獎。
15. Not all are box office hits, but each tells a story as only Spielberg can.（第57行）
= Not all of his movies have been successful. But each of his movies is special.
16. He has ranked as the most successful director in the American film industry.（第58行）
rank as 排行……
17. Other directors may try to catch him ----if they can.（第59行）
這句話發想自史匹柏的Catch Me If You Can《神鬼交鋒》一片。該片描述一名具有模仿與易容才能的天才詐欺犯小法蘭克•艾班尼爾（Frank Abagnale, Jr.）。課文中，作者用catch him---if they can作為結尾，句中的”catch”有 catch up with（趕上）的意思，暗示著史匹柏讓人望塵莫及的天分，以及他寬廣的導戲與製作路線。
1. One of them, Steven Spielberg, is a household name.（第5行）
(1) Steven Spielberg 是one的同位語，與該名詞地位相同。同位語不僅可以是單字，也可以為短語，以補充說明前面的名詞。
(2) a household name: a very well-known person 家喻戶曉的人物
2. At twelve, he started making his own short films with his dad’s movie camera.（第12行）
at twelve = at age twelve = at the age of twelve
3. At age sixteen, Spielberg made his first feature-length film, Firelight.（第17行）
(1) a feature-length film（標準長片）指的是片長九十分鐘或九十分鐘以上的電影
(2) Firelight《火光》，在文中當受詞同位語，指Spielberg的首部標準長片。
《火光》是一部一百四十分鐘的科幻片，講述UFO擄走某小鎮居民，並攻擊小鎮的故事，劇本由史匹柏撰寫。
4. But never had he felt discouraged.（第22行）
本句為倒裝句型，原句為”But he had never felt discouraged.”
本句的句型是：否定副詞 + 助動詞 + S + V (否定副詞有never, hardly, seldom, rarely, little等。)
5. Instead, he regularly bluffed his way onto the Universal Studios’lot.（第22行）
(1) bluff one’s way onto/into ...: = succeed in doing something by deceiving others 矇混過關
6. He used an empty office as his own while trying to talk producers into looking at his films.（第23行）
(1) while trying ... 為分詞構句，原句可解釋為while he was trying ...。
(2) talk someone into V-ing = persuade someone to V 說服某人做某事
7. His twenty-two-minute film called Amblin? won awards at the Venice and Atlanta film festivals.（?第26行）
Amblin’ 安培林》（1968）：史匹柏決定拍一部能吸引好萊塢製片以及資金的片子，這部電影片只花十天就拍成。二十二分鐘，從頭到尾沒有對白，劇情描述兩個在公路上搭便車的青少年發展出的友情與愛情故事，史匹柏自嘲本片「不過是一部百事可樂廣告片」，然而，本片卻為他在1969年時贏得亞特蘭大及威尼斯影展獎項，影評人與電影業界也開始注意這位年僅二十歲的青年導演。本片還為史匹柏贏得環球電視部的一紙七年合約。
8. At twenty, Spielberg was the youngest director ever to get such a deal.（第29行）
最高級形容詞+ (N) + ever + to V
例：Paul is the shortest boy ever to play basketball on this team.
【補充】最高級形容詞 + (N) + S + 完成式 + ever
例：That is the most ridiculous story I have ever heard in my life.
9. In 1974, Spielberg made his feature film debut with The Sugarland Express.（第31行）
The Sugarland Express《橫衝直撞大逃亡》（1974）：本片改編自一起真實的新聞事件，描述慣竊犯 Clovis 的妻子 Lou-Jean ，因為不滿社福機構把他們的孩子強行送人收養，而以探監為名協助 Clovis 逃獄。史匹柏在本片中把公路追車的場面拍得效果十足、緊張刺激，對於 Clovis 夫婦和人質的個性也刻畫細膩。本片廣獲影評人的好評，但票房不佳。然而，也由於史匹柏在本片中展露精湛的運鏡與特效技巧，使得他順利獲得導演 Jaws 的機會。
10. But audiences were less than thrilled with his efforts. （第33行）
(1) be thrilled with N 因…….而感到高興（興奮、害怕）
(2) less than: not at all 一點也不
11. Spielberg continued his string of hits in 1981 with Raiders of the Lost Ark.（第41行）
(1) string of hits: series of successful films 系列強片
string of: series; a number of related things or events 一連串的；一系列的
(2) Raiders of the Lost Ark《法櫃奇兵》（1981）：《法櫃奇兵》是印地安納瓊斯探險三部曲系列的第一集。Indiana Jones and the Temple of Doom《魔宮傳奇》（1984）及Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade《聖戰奇兵》（1989）。還有電視影集The Young Indiana Jones Chronicles《百勝天龍》，敘述印第安那瓊斯少年時期的故事。
13. The Color Purple was the result.（第47行）
The Color Purple《紫色姊妹花》（1985）：改編自愛麗絲．華克（Alice Walker）的小說，描寫美國南方喬治亞州一位未受教育的黑人女子世蘭（Celie）一生的故事。當年剛拍完E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial以及兩部印第安納瓊斯系列電影的史匹柏，選擇《紫色姊妹花》，可說是全新的題材，為史匹柏的藝術事業留下更成熟的色彩。本片在1986年時獲得奧斯卡11項提名，但很遺憾地全軍覆沒，在當時可說是轟動的媒體話題。
14. Finally, in 1993, Spielberg’s heartbreaking film Schindler’s List earned him an Academy Award for best director.（第51行）
Schindle’s List《辛德勒的名單》（1993）：《辛德勒的名單》是真人真事改編的電影，描述Oskar Schindler（奧斯卡．辛德勒）在二次世界大戰期間保護一千兩百名猶太人免於法西斯殺害的歷史事件。《辛德勒的名單》以黑白為基調，利用大量的手持攝影機方式拍攝，呈現了紀錄片般的風格，是史匹柏反省歷史浩劫、展現人道關懷的代表作。本片獲得奧斯卡十二項提名，並奪得最佳影片、最佳導演、最佳改編劇本、最佳藝術指導、最佳攝影、最佳剪輯、最佳原著音樂等七項大獎。
15. Not all are box office hits, but each tells a story as only Spielberg can.（第57行）
= Not all of his movies have been successful. But each of his movies is special.
16. He has ranked as the most successful director in the American film industry.（第58行）
rank as 排行……
17. Other directors may try to catch him ----if they can.（第59行）
這句話發想自史匹柏的Catch Me If You Can《神鬼交鋒》一片。該片描述一名具有模仿與易容才能的天才詐欺犯小法蘭克•艾班尼爾（Frank Abagnale, Jr.）。課文中，作者用catch him---if they can作為結尾，句中的”catch”有 catch up with（趕上）的意思，暗示著史匹柏讓人望塵莫及的天分，以及他寬廣的導戲與製作路線。
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